Category: 6217-54-5

Hu, Xiangfei published the artcileOxidative stabilities of grass carp oil: possible mechanisms of volatile species formation in hydroperoxylated metabolites at high temperature, Related Products of catalysis-chemistry, the publication is European Food Research and Technology (2022), 248(8), 2079-2095, database is CAplus.

The mechanisms of volatile species formation for hydroperoxylated metabolites of unsaturated fatty acids in grass carp oil were investigated. All oil samples were heated at 110 ¡ãC for 8 various durations. The hydroperoxylated metabolites were evaluated by ultra-performance liquid chromatog. coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry, solid-phase microextraction gas chromatog. mass spectrometry and conventional chem. indicators. Compared to fresh fish oil, the content of monounsaturated fatty acids and saturated fatty acids with higher oxidation stability in the heating samples was significantly increased (P < 0.05), while the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids was significantly reduced (P < 0.05). A total of 35 triglycerides were determined, of these, the relative content of carbon numbers (CNs) 54, 56 and 58 was dramatically decreased, while CN50 and CN52 were gradually increased. Partial least-squares discriminant anal. indicated that continuous heating had different effects on volatile substances and twelve volatile species variables associated with lipid oxidation from the eight various heating periods were identified. In addition, sixteen oxidized metabolites were identified and their content was significantly increased (P < 0.05), except the 13-HODE, 9-HOTrE, 5-HETE and 12-HETE. The metabolic pathways of grass carp oil under continuous heating were clarified based on critical volatile components and oxidized metabolites, intending to reveal the oxidation paradigm of oil exposed to high temperatures

European Food Research and Technology published new progress about 6217-54-5. 6217-54-5 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Carboxylic acid,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Metabolic Enzyme,RAR/RXR,Natural product, name is Docosahexaenoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C22H32O2, Related Products of catalysis-chemistry.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Adeyemi, Kazeem D. published the artcileDietary supplementation of Allium cepa skin alters intramuscular fat, muscle cholesterol, and fatty acids in rabbits, HPLC of Formula: 6217-54-5, the publication is Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture (2022), 102(9), 3683-3692, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The high polyunsaturated fatty acids content of rabbit meat predisposes it to oxidative deterioration, which often results in reduced product quality and shelf life. This fact highlights the need to improve the antioxidant status of rabbit meat. This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of Allium cepa skin (ACS) on growth, carcass, i.m. fat, muscle fatty acids, cholesterol content, meat quality, antioxidant status, and sensory attributes of hind leg muscle of rabbits. Sixty-three, 28-day-old, male New Zealand rabbits (654 ¡À 25 g) were randomly allocated into 21 pens of three rabbits. The pens were randomly assigned to one of three dietary treatments – ACS-0: basal diet (BD) only; ACS-25: BD + 25 g kg^-1 ACS; and ACS-50: BD + 50 g kg^-1 ACS – for 56 days and then euthanized. Dietary ACS did not affect growth performance and retail cuts of rabbits. Muscle cholesterol was lower (P < 0.05) in ACS-supplemented rabbits than in controls. Dietary ACS lowered (P < 0.05) dissectible fat, i.m. fat content, C14:0, C16:0, C18:0, C18:2n-6, and C20:4n-6 levels and enhanced (P < 0.05) C18:3n-3, C20:5n-3, C22:6n-3, and C22:5n-3 concentration Dietary ACS increased muscle catalase activity in rabbits. Sensory qualities, malondialdehyde and carbonyl contents, and physicochem. attributes of hind leg muscle of rabbits after chill storage were not influenced by dietary ACS supplementation. Supplementation with 50 g kg-1 ACS reduced i.m. fat and cholesterol content and improved muscle n-3 fatty acids without impairing the physicochem. and sensory properties of rabbit meat. 2021 Society of Chem. Industry.

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published new progress about 6217-54-5. 6217-54-5 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Carboxylic acid,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Metabolic Enzyme,RAR/RXR,Natural product, name is Docosahexaenoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C22H32O2, HPLC of Formula: 6217-54-5.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Zhou, Hailin published the artcileSerum untargeted lipidomics by UHPLC-ESI-HRMS aids the biomarker discovery of colorectal adenoma, Quality Control of 6217-54-5, the publication is BMC Cancer (2022), 22(1), 314, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Colorectal adenoma (CA) is an important precancerous lesion and early screening target of colorectal cancer (CRC). Lipids with numerous physiol. functions are proved to be involved in the development of CRC. However, there is no lipidomic study with large-scale serum samples on diagnostic biomarkers for CA. The serum lipidomics of CA patients (n = 50) and normal control (NR) (n = 50) was performed by ultra high performance liquid chromatog.-high resolution mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (UHPLC-ESI-HRMS). Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were utilized to screen the differential lipids between groups, and combining the constituent ratio anal. and diagnostic efficiency evaluation by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve disclosed the potential mechanism and biomarkers for CA. There were obvious differences in serum lipid profiles between CA and NR groups. Totally, 79 differential lipids were selected by criterion of P < 0.05 and fold change > 1.5 or < 0.67. Triacylglycerols (TAGs) and phosphatidylcholines (PCs) were the major differential lipids with ratio > 60%, indicating these two lipid metabolic pathways showed evident disequilibrium, which could contribute to CA formation. Of them, 12 differential lipids had good diagnostic ability as candidate biomarkers for CA (AUC ¡Ý 0.900) by ROC anal. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to profile serum lipidomics and explore lipid biomarkers of CA to help early screening of CRC. 12 differential lipids are obtained to act as potential diagnostic markers of CA. PCs and fatty acids were the main dysregulated biomarkers for CA in serum.

BMC Cancer published new progress about 6217-54-5. 6217-54-5 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Carboxylic acid,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Metabolic Enzyme,RAR/RXR,Natural product, name is Docosahexaenoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C10H9NO4S, Quality Control of 6217-54-5.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Choi, Jin published the artcileEffects of dietary docosahexaenoic acid enrichment in Artemia feed on the growth, survival, and fatty acid composition of Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) larvae, Recommanded Product: Docosahexaenoic Acid, the publication is Aquaculture Research (2022), 53(12), 4353-4362, database is CAplus.

Optimal larviculture techniques have yet to be established for Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus), particularly in relation to the nutritional quality of live prey. Elevated mortality during early life stages is a major concern during the production of Pacific cod larvae; this seems to be related to, among other things, nutritional deficiency during the early feeding stage, particularly the quantities and proportions of highly unsaturated fatty acids in live food. With the aim of improving the growth and survival of larval Pacific cod while also determining the optimum level of dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), we investigated the effects of four levels of dietary DHA (0%, 3%, 6%, and 9% of total fatty acids [TFAs]) on the growth, survival, and tissue fatty composition of larvae. The actual DHA concentrations of the diets were 0.22%, 3.09%, 5.88%, and 9.28% of TFAs for D1, D2, D3, and D4 diets resp. From 43 to 64 days post hatch, larvae were fed the exptl. diets. Larvae fed D3 diet had the highest survival rates, total length, and total weight at the end of the feeding trial. The fatty acid composition of the whole larval body reflected the corresponding dietary composition Overall, these results suggest that a DHA level of 4.85%-8.50% of TFAs is optimal in the diet of larval Pacific cod during Artemia feeding.

Aquaculture Research published new progress about 6217-54-5. 6217-54-5 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Carboxylic acid,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Metabolic Enzyme,RAR/RXR,Natural product, name is Docosahexaenoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C22H32O2, Recommanded Product: Docosahexaenoic Acid.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Roy, Monika A. published the artcileNrf2a dependent and independent effects of early life exposure to 3,3¡ä-dichlorobiphenyl (PCB-11) in zebrafish (Danio rerio), Application of Docosahexaenoic Acid, the publication is Aquatic Toxicology (2022), 106219, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The environmental pollutant 3,3¡ä-dichlorobiphenyl (PCB-11) is a lower-chlorinated polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congener present in air and water samples. Both PCB-11 and its metabolite, 4-PCB-11-Sulfate, are detected in humans, including in pregnant women. Previous research in zebrafish (Danio rerio) has shown that 0.2 ¦ÌM exposures to 4-PCB-11-Sulfate starting at 1 day post fertilization (dpf) increase hepatic neutral lipid accumulation in larvae at 15 dpf. Here, we explored whether nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), known as the master-regulator of the adaptive response to oxidative stress, contributes to metabolic impacts of 4-PCB-11-Sulfate. For this work, embryos were collected from homozygous wildtype or Nrf2a mutant adult zebrafish that also express GFP in pancreatic ¦Â-cells, rendering Tg(ins:GFP;nrf2afh318+/+) and Tg(ins:GFP;nrf2afh318-/-) lines. Exposures were conducted from 1-15 dpf to either 0.05% DMSO or DMSO-matched 0.2 ¦ÌM 4-PCB-11-Sulfate, and at 15 dpf subsets of larvae were imaged for overall morphol., primary pancreatic islet area, and collected for fatty acid profiling and RNAseq. At 15 dpf, independent of genotype, fish exposed to 4-PCB-11-Sulfate survived significantly more at 80-85% compared to 65-73% survival for unexposed fish, and had primary pancreatic islets 8% larger compared to unexposed fish. Fish growth at 15 dpf was dependent on genotype, with Nrf2a mutant fish a significant 3-5% shorter than wildtype fish, and an interaction effect was observed where Nrf2a mutant fish exposed to 4-PCB-11-Sulfate experienced a significant 29% decrease in the omega-3 fatty acid DHA compared to unexposed mutant fish. RNAseq revealed 308 differentially expressed genes, most of which were dependent on genotype. These findings suggest that Nrf2a plays an important role in growth as well as for DHA production in the presence of 4-PCB-11-Sulfate. Further research would be beneficial to understand the importance of Nrf2a throughout the lifecourse, especially in the context of toxicant exposures.

Aquatic Toxicology published new progress about 6217-54-5. 6217-54-5 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Carboxylic acid,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Metabolic Enzyme,RAR/RXR,Natural product, name is Docosahexaenoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C22H32O2, Application of Docosahexaenoic Acid.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Zheng, Hongli published the artcileDocosahexaenoic acid production of the marine microalga Isochrysis galbana cultivated on renewable substrates from food processing waste under CO₂ enrichment, Quality Control of 6217-54-5, the publication is Science of the Total Environment (2022), 157654, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Leftover dough is a starch-rich food processing waste of Chinese steamed bread. Leftover dough hydrolyzates enriched with glucose and amino acids were used to cultivate the marine microalga Isochrysis galbana to produce docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) under CO₂ enrichment. Isochrysis galbana could use mixed carbon sources (CO₂, glucose, and amino acids) synchronously to grow and accumulate DHA. Cell growth, the uptake of glucose and amino acids, and DHA production were significantly affected by CO₂ enrichment. The maximum biomass concentration of 3.85 g L^-1 was achieved with 3% CO₂. And the maximum DHA yield was 65.5 mg L^-1 d^-1. To enhance DHA production, a two-stage cultivation strategy was successfully developed by this work. The maximum DHA yield of the two-stage culture was elevated by 2.3-fold. It is feasible to produce DHA by Isochrysis galbana using leftover dough under CO₂ enrichment.

Science of the Total Environment published new progress about 6217-54-5. 6217-54-5 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Carboxylic acid,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Metabolic Enzyme,RAR/RXR,Natural product, name is Docosahexaenoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C7H10O4, Quality Control of 6217-54-5.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Wang, Min-Chen published the artcileMultigenerational inspections of environmental thermal perturbations promote metabolic trade-offs in developmental stages of tropical fish, COA of Formula: C22H32O2, the publication is Environmental Pollution (Oxford, United Kingdom) (2022), 119605, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Global warming both reduces global temperature variance and increases the frequency of extreme weather events. In response to these ambient perturbations, animals may be subject to trans- or intra-generational phenotype modifications that help to maintain homeostasis and fitness. Here, we show how temperature-associated transgenerational plasticity in tilapia affects metabolic trade-offs during developmental stages under a global warming scenario. Tropical tilapia reared at a stable temperature of 27¡ãC for a decade were divided into two temperature-experience groups for four generations of breeding. Each generation of one group was exposed to a single 15¡ãC cold-shock experience during its lifetime (cold-experienced CE group), and the other group was kept stably at 27¡ãC throughout their lifetimes (cold-naive CN group). The offspring at early life stages from the CE and CN tilapia were then assessed by metabolomics-based profiling, and the results implied that parental cold-experience might affect energy provision during reproduction Furthermore, at early life stages, progeny may be endowed with metabolic traits that help the animals cope with ambient temperature perturbations. This study also applied the feature rescaling and Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) to visualize metabolic dynamics, and the result could effectively decompose the complex omic-based datasets to represent the energy trade-off variability. For example, the carbohydrate to free amino acid conversion and enhanced compensatory features appeared to be hypothermic-responsive traits. These multigenerational metabolic effects suggest that the tropical ectothermic tilapia may exhibit transgenerational phenotype plasticity, which could optimize energy allocation under ambient temperature challenges. Knowledge about such metabolism-related transgenerational plasticity effects in ectothermic aquatic species may allow us to better predict how adaptive mechanisms will affect fish populations in a climate with narrow temperature variation and frequent extreme weather events.

Environmental Pollution (Oxford, United Kingdom) published new progress about 6217-54-5. 6217-54-5 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Carboxylic acid,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Metabolic Enzyme,RAR/RXR,Natural product, name is Docosahexaenoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C10H16Br3N, COA of Formula: C22H32O2.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Shao, Yitong published the artcileEnhancement of black and odorous water treatment coupled with accelerated lipid production by microalgae exposed to ¹²C⁶⁺ heavy-ion beam irradiation, Application of Docosahexaenoic Acid, the publication is Chemosphere (2022), 135452, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

In this study, Auxenochlorella protothecoides (AP-CK) was selected due to its reported high growth potential in sterilized black and odorous water (SBOW). In order to improve the resource utilization level of microalgae for wastewater treatment, AP-CK was mutated using ¹²C⁶⁺ heavy-ion beam irradiation, and a high lipid-containing mutant (AP-34#) was isolated and further evaluated to treat original black and odorous water (OBOW). Compared with the wild type, the maximum removal rates of COD, NH+4-N and TP of the mutant increased by 8.12¡À 0.33%, 10.43 ¡À 0.54% and 11.97 ¡À0.16%, resp., while maximum dissolved oxygen content increased from 0 to 4.36 ¡À0.25 mg/L. Besides, the mutant lipid yield increased by 115.87 ¡À 3.22% over the wild type in OBOW. The fatty acid profile of AP-34# grown in SBOW and OBOW showed higher proportion of saturated fatty acids (C16:0 and C18:0) and valuable polyunsaturated fatty acids (mainly C20:5n3 and C22:6n3) which are more suitable for biodiesel production and value-added products, resp. This work provides a new perspective on improving the characteristics of microalgae and an innovative approach for resource-based microalgae wastewater treatment through bioremediation of black and odorous water.

Chemosphere published new progress about 6217-54-5. 6217-54-5 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Carboxylic acid,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Metabolic Enzyme,RAR/RXR,Natural product, name is Docosahexaenoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C8H11BO2, Application of Docosahexaenoic Acid.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Medvedev, Alexander published the artcileComprehensive assessment of NR ligand polypharmacology by a multiplex reporter NR assay, Computed Properties of 6217-54-5, the publication is Scientific Reports (2022), 12(1), 3115, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Nuclear receptors (NR) are ligand-modulated transcription factors that regulate multiple cell functions and thus represent excellent drug targets. However, due to a considerable NR structural homol., NR ligands often interact with multiple receptors. Here, we describe a multiplex reporter assay (the FACTORIAL NR) that enables parallel assessment of NR ligand activity across all 48 human NRs. The assay comprises one-hybrid GAL4-NR reporter modules transiently transfected into test cells. To evaluate the reporter activity, we assessed their RNA transcripts. We used a homogeneous RNA detection approach that afforded equal detection efficacy and permitted the multiplex detection in a single-well format. For validation, we examined a panel of selective NR ligands and polypharmacol. agonists and antagonists of the progestin, estrogen, PPAR, ERR, and ROR receptors. The assay produced highly reproducible NR activity profiles (r > 0.96) permitting quant. assessment of individual NR responses. The inferred EC50 values agreed with the published data. The assay showed excellent quality (<Z> = 0.73) and low variability (<CV> = 7.2%). Furthermore, the assay permitted distinguishing direct and non-direct NR responses to ligands. Therefore, the FACTORIAL NR enables comprehensive evaluation of NR ligand polypharmacol.

Scientific Reports published new progress about 6217-54-5. 6217-54-5 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Carboxylic acid,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Metabolic Enzyme,RAR/RXR,Natural product, name is Docosahexaenoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C22H32O2, Computed Properties of 6217-54-5.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Sardenne, Fany published the artcileChanges in lipid and fatty acid contents of gonad during the reproductive cycle of the Mediterranean swordfish Xiphias gladius, Recommanded Product: Docosahexaenoic Acid, the publication is Marine Environmental Research (2022), 105668, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Swordfish Xiphias gladius is a large pelagic fish distributed worldwide and exploited for human consumption, however there is limited knowledge about its reproductive biol., especially regarding lipid dynamic in gonads. In teleost fish, reproductive success and offspring survival are associated to lipid availability for gamete synthesis. This study investigated the lipid composition, including lipid classes and fatty acids (FA) of cell membrane and reserve lipids (i.e., polar and neutral lipids, resp.; PL and NL), along female and male gonad development of a swordfish population from waters surrounding Corsica Island in the Mediterranean Sea. Overall, swordfish gonads contained <2% wet weight of total lipids, with testes and ovaries having similar fat content. Lipid classes and FA concentrations remained unchanged during testes maturation. However, concentrations of phosphatidyl choline (PL), triacylglycerol (NL), and some FA (16:0, 18:1n-9, and 22:6n-3) followed an “inverted U-shaped” relationship with the ovarian maturation. In both PL and NL, 22:6n-3 was the main polyunsaturated FA (>20% of total FA), while 20:5n-3 and 20:4n-6 were minor (3-6% of total FA) and varied little with maturation. 22:6n-3 and 18:1n-9 were selectively allocated to the ovarian maturation (increased in concentration and in proportion with maturation) until spawning. Finally, swordfish gonads might represent a good food source for humans given that 150 g of swordfish ovaries can cover the daily requirements in omega-3 for humans, but research on pollutants should also be conducted to evaluate their implications on the reproduction output of this species, and on the safety of swordfish gonads for human consumption.

Marine Environmental Research published new progress about 6217-54-5. 6217-54-5 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Carboxylic acid,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Metabolic Enzyme,RAR/RXR,Natural product, name is Docosahexaenoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C22H32O2, Recommanded Product: Docosahexaenoic Acid.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia