Tag: M.W=300-350

Ahonen, Eija published the artcileOxidative stability, oxidation pattern and alpha-tocopherol response of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3)-containing triacylglycerols and ethyl esters, Synthetic Route of 6217-54-5, the publication is Food Chemistry (2022), 132882, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

DHA is most often used in supplements either in its triacylglycerol or Et ester form. Currently, there is only little published data on the differences in the oxidative stability and ¦Á-tocopherol response between the two lipid structures, as well as on the oxidation patterns of pure DHA. This study investigated the oxidative stability, ¦Á-tocopherol response and oxidation pattern of DHA incorporated in triacylglycerols and as Et esters with an untargeted approach after oxidation at 50 ¡ãC in the dark. Liquid and gas chromatog. methods with mass spectrometric detection and NMR spectroscopy were applied. DHA was more stable in triacylglycerols than as Et esters without ¦Á-tocopherol addition With ¦Á-tocopherol added the opposite was observed The oxidation products formed during triacylglycerol and Et ester oil oxidation were mostly similar, but also some structure-related differences were detected in both volatile and non-volatile oxidation products.

Food Chemistry published new progress about 6217-54-5. 6217-54-5 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Carboxylic acid,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Metabolic Enzyme,RAR/RXR,Natural product, name is Docosahexaenoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C22H32O2, Synthetic Route of 6217-54-5.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Defries, Danielle published the artcilePatterns of alpha-linolenic acid incorporation into phospholipids in H4IIE cells, Application of Docosahexaenoic Acid, the publication is Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry (2022), 109014, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Alpha linolenic acid (ALA) is an 18-carbon essential fatty acid found in plant-based foods and oils. While much attention has been placed on conversion of ALA to long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, alternative routes of ALA metabolism exist and may lead to formation of other bioactive metabolites of ALA. The current study employed a non-targeted metabolomics approach to profile ALA metabolites that are significantly upregulated by ALA treatment. H4IIE hepatoma cells (n=3 samples per time point) were treated with 60¦ÌM ALA or vehicle for 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 12 h. Samples were then extracted with methanol and analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatog./quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Author observed selective changes in ALA incorporation into phospholipid classes and subclasses over the 12 h following ALA treatment. While levels of specific mol. species of ALA-containing phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, and lysophospholipids were elevated with ALA treatment, others were not affected. Of the phospholipids that were increased, some (e.g., PC[18:3/18:1], PC[18:3/18:4], PE[18:3/18:2], PE[18:3/18:3]) were elevated almost immediately after exposure to ALA, while others (e.g., PE[18:1/18:3] PA[18:3/22:6], and PA[18:3/18:2]) were not elevated until several hours after ALA treatment. Overall, these results suggest that ALA incorporation into phospholipids is selective and support a metabolic hierarchy for ALA incorporation into specific phospholipids. Given the functionality of phospholipids based on their fatty acid composition, future studies will need to investigate the implications of ALA incorporation into specific phospholipids on cell function.

Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry published new progress about 6217-54-5. 6217-54-5 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Carboxylic acid,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Metabolic Enzyme,RAR/RXR,Natural product, name is Docosahexaenoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C22H32O2, Application of Docosahexaenoic Acid.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Gail, R. published the artcileA one step preparation of the n.c.a. fluorine-18 labeled synthons: 4-fluorobromobenzene and 4-fluoroiodobenzene, Synthetic Route of 17351-62-1, the publication is Applied Radiation and Isotopes (1994), 45(1), 105-11, database is CAplus.

4-¹⁸FC₆H₄X (X = Br, iodo) are interesting precursors for organometallic nucleophilic reagents. A 1-step preparation of these synthons was achieved by no-carrier-added (n.c.a.) nucleophilic exchange on the corresponding 4-bromo- and 4-iodophenyltrimethylammonium salts. The leaving ability of the trimethylammonium group increases strongly with decreasing basicity of the counteranion in the sequence: tosylate < Me sulfate < iodide < perchlorate (no data) < triflate. Systematic optimization leads to radiochem. yields of 50 ¡À 5% and 80 ¡À 5% within 5 min for the bromo and iodo derivs, resp., in AcNMe₂ as the solvent.

Applied Radiation and Isotopes published new progress about 17351-62-1. 17351-62-1 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Salt,Amine, name is Tetrabutylammonium hydrogencarbonate, and the molecular formula is C17H37NO3, Synthetic Route of 17351-62-1.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Knott, Katrina K. published the artcileMercury, selenium, and fatty acids in the axial muscle of largemouth bass: evaluating the influence of seasonal and sexual changes in fish condition and reproductive status, Formula: C22H32O2, the publication is Ecotoxicology (2022), 31(5), 761-781, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Largemouth bass (LMB, 265-475 mm) were collected to document whether changes in fish condition and reproductive status influenced the concentration of total mercury (Hg) and selenium (Se) in axial muscle by season and sex. The fatty acid (FA) composition of fish was also examined to describe seasonal and sexual differences and identify whether arachidonic acid (ARA) could be used as a biomarker of Hg toxicity. There was a trend for females to have lower (p < 0.062) Se concentrations than males. The concentration of Se for females during spring (mean ¡À SD, 686 ¡À 51 ng/g dw) was 15% lower than males (806 ¡À 67 ng/g dw). Lower Se concentrations in females than males continued through summer and fall. Concentration of Hg for females during spring (152 ¡À 39 ng/g ww) was also 59% lower than males (373 ¡À 303 ng/g ww), but the difference was not significant (p > 0.2). The percent of lipids was greatest in fall and winter (3%) and comprised primarily of omega-3 fatty acids (35 g/100 g lipid). Fish condition as measured by percent lipids and relative weight was neg. (p < 0.02) related to Hg concentration for females and males. Lipid content for both sexes was also pos. (p < 0.05) related to the Se:Hg ratio. Relative weight was pos. related to the Se:Hg ratio for females during all seasons (p = 0.014), but only during spring and summer for males (p < 0.007). A low Se:Hg value was associated with an elevation in ARA for both sexes and a reduced hepatosomatic index in males. Data suggested that females transferred muscle stores of Se and Hg to developing oocytes during spring. This study generates hypotheses regarding the physiol. drivers of seasonal and sexual variability in Hg, Se, and FA in LMB that may be applicable to other species and have implications for fisheries health and management.

Ecotoxicology published new progress about 6217-54-5. 6217-54-5 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Carboxylic acid,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Metabolic Enzyme,RAR/RXR,Natural product, name is Docosahexaenoic Acid, and the molecular formula is C22H32O2, Formula: C22H32O2.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Torres, Alejandro published the artcileElectrocatalytic Behavior of Tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) and Extended Tetrathiafulvalene (exTTF) [FeFe] Hydrogenase Mimics, Product Details of C24H12, the publication is ACS Organic & Inorganic Au (2022), 2(1), 23-33, database is CAplus.

TTF- and exTTF-containing [(¦Ì-S₂)Fe₂(CO)₆] complexes have been prepared by the photochem. reaction of TTF or exTTF and [(¦Ì-S₂)Fe₂(CO)₆]. These complexes are able to interact with PAHs. In the absence of air and in acid media an electrocatalytic dihydrogen evolution reaction (HER) occurs, similarly to analogous [(¦Ì-S₂)Fe₂(CO)₆] complexes. However, in the presence of air, the TTF and exTTF organic moieties strongly influence the electrochem. of these systems. The reported data may be valuable in the design of [FeFe] hydrogenase mimics able to combine the HER properties of the [FeFe] cores with the unique TTF properties.

ACS Organic & Inorganic Au published new progress about 191-07-1. 191-07-1 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Electronic Materials, name is Coronene, and the molecular formula is C18H34N4O5S, Product Details of C24H12.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Veronesi, Stefano published the artcileMorphology and electronic properties of incipient soot by scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, Application of Coronene, the publication is Combustion and Flame, database is CAplus.

Soot nucleation is one of the most complex and debated steps of the soot formation process in combustion. In this work, we used scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS) to probe morphol. and electronic properties of incipient soot particles formed right behind the flame front of a lightly sooting laminar premixed flame of ethylene and air. Particles were thermophoretically sampled on an atomically flat gold film on a mica substrate. High-resolution STM images of incipient soot particles were obtained for the first time showing the morphol. of sub-5 nm incipient soot particles. High-resolution single-particle spectroscopic properties were measured confirming the semiconductor behavior of incipient soot particles with an electronic band gap ranging from 1.5 to 2 eV, consistent with earlier optical and spectroscopic observations.

Combustion and Flame published new progress about 191-07-1. 191-07-1 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Electronic Materials, name is Coronene, and the molecular formula is C20H40O2, Application of Coronene.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Alauddin, Mian M. published the artcileSynthesis of [¹⁸F]-labeled 2′-deoxy-2′-fluoro-5-methyl-1-¦Â-D-arabinofuranosyluracil ([¹⁸F]-FMAU), Safety of Tetrabutylammonium hydrogencarbonate, the publication is Journal of Labelled Compounds & Radiopharmaceuticals (2002), 45(7), 583-590, database is CAplus.

Synthesis of 2′-deoxy-2′-[¹⁸F]fluoro-5-methyl-1-¦Â-D- arabinofuranosyluracil ([¹⁸F]-FMAU) is reported. 2-Deoxy-2-[¹⁸F]fluoro-1,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-¦Á-D-arabinofuranose was prepared by the reaction of the resp. triflate with tetrabutylammonium[¹⁸F]fluoride. The fluorosugar was converted to its 1-bromo-derivative and coupled with protected thymine. The crude product mixture was hydrolyzed in base and purified by HPLC to obtain the radiolabeled FMAU (I). The radiochem. yield of I was 20-30% decay corrected (d.c.) in four steps with an average of 25% in four runs. Radiochem. purity was >99% and average specific activity was 2300 mCi/¦Ìmol at the end of synthesis (EOS). The synthesis time was 3.5-4.0h from the end of bombardment (EOB).

Journal of Labelled Compounds & Radiopharmaceuticals published new progress about 17351-62-1. 17351-62-1 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Salt,Amine, name is Tetrabutylammonium hydrogencarbonate, and the molecular formula is C17H37NO3, Safety of Tetrabutylammonium hydrogencarbonate.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Gomez, Antonio Bermejo published the artcileEfficient DBU accelerated synthesis of ¹⁸F-labelled trifluoroacetamides, Safety of Tetrabutylammonium hydrogencarbonate, the publication is Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) (2016), 52(97), 13963-13966, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Nucleophilic ¹⁸F-fluorination of bromodifluoromethyl derivatives was performed using [¹⁸F]Bu₄NF in the presence of DBU (1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene). This novel procedure provided a diverse set of [¹⁸F]trifluoroacetamides in good to excellent radiochem. conversions. A mechanism where DBU acts as organomediator in this transformation is proposed.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) published new progress about 17351-62-1. 17351-62-1 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Salt,Amine, name is Tetrabutylammonium hydrogencarbonate, and the molecular formula is C17H37NO3, Safety of Tetrabutylammonium hydrogencarbonate.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Zhou, Yuxin published the artcileMolecular Dynamics Study on the Condensation of PAH Molecules on Quasi Soot Surfaces, Synthetic Route of 191-07-1, the publication is Journal of Physical Chemistry A (2022), 126(4), 630-639, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

In this paper, the condensation efficiency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) mols. up to coronene, from 500 to 2000 K, is calculated based on hundreds of collisions between a PAH mol. and the quasi soot surface, which is composed of stacked coronene mols. with periodic boundary conditions, using mol. dynamics simulations. The results show that the condensation efficiency increases with the PAH mol. mass but decreases as the temperature increases, following a Gaussian function. Meanwhile, when the presence of aliphatic chains on soot particle surfaces is considered, the condensation efficiency can be lowered by up to 40%, being affected more significantly at higher temperatures A condensation efficiency model is thus proposed from the mol. trajectories. Finally, when this newly proposed PAH condensation efficiency model is adopted, better agreement with the experiments is achieved in predicting soot volume fractions of an ethylene/oxygen/nitrogen mixture in a tandem jet-stirred reactor and a plug-flow reactor.

Journal of Physical Chemistry A published new progress about 191-07-1. 191-07-1 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Electronic Materials, name is Coronene, and the molecular formula is C18H10, Synthetic Route of 191-07-1.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Jamaluddin, Aqfan published the artcileLipidated calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) peptide antagonists retain CGRP receptor activity and attenuate CGRP Action In Vivo, Product Details of C20H19NO4, the publication is Frontiers in Pharmacology (2022), 832589, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Signaling through calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptors is associated with pain, migraine, and energy expenditure. Small mol. and monoclonal antibody CGRP receptor antagonists that block endogenous CGRP action are in clin. use as antimigraine therapies. By comparison, the potential utility of peptide antagonists has received less attention due to suboptimal pharmacokinetic properties. Lipidation is an established strategy to increase peptide half-life in vivo. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of developing lipidated CGRP peptide antagonists that retain receptor antagonist activity in vitro and attenuate endogenous CGRP action in vivo. CGRP peptide analogs based on the archetypal CGRP receptor antagonist, CGRP8-37, were palmitoylated at the N-terminus, position 24, and near the C-terminus at position 35. The antagonist activities of the lipidated peptide analogs were tested in vitro using transfected Cos7 cells expressing either the human or mouse CGRP receptor, amylin subtype 1 (AMY1) receptor, adrenomedullin (AM) receptors, or calcitonin receptor. Antagonist activities were also evaluated in SK-N-MC cells that endogenously express the human CGRP receptor. Lipidated peptides were then tested for their ability to antagonize endogenous CGRP action in vivo using a capsaicin-induced dermal vasodilation (CIDV) model in C57/BL6J mice. All lipidated peptides except for the C-terminally modified analog retained potent antagonist activity compared to CGRP8-37 towards the CGRP receptor. The lipidated peptides also retained, and sometimes gained, antagonist activities at AMY1, AM1 and AM2 receptors. Several lipidated peptides produced robust inhibition of CIDV in mice. This study demonstrates that selected lipidated peptide antagonists based on ¦ÁCGRP8-37 retain potent antagonist activity at the CGRP receptor and are capable of inhibition of endogenous CGRP action in vivo. These findings suggest that lipidation can be applied to peptide antagonists, such as ¦ÁCGRP8-37 and are a potential strategy for antagonizing CGRP action.

Frontiers in Pharmacology published new progress about 71989-31-6. 71989-31-6 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Amino acide derivatives,pyrrolidine, name is Fmoc-Pro-OH, and the molecular formula is C20H19NO4, Product Details of C20H19NO4.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia