Catalysis-chemistry

Carraz, Gilbert published the artcileTheory of the activity of the di-n-propylacetic acid structure, Category: catalysis-chemistry, the publication is Agressologie (1967), 8(1), 13-20, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

I.p. injection of isopropylisovaleric acid (3,3,4-trimethylpentanoic acid) at a dose equimolar to that of dipropylacetic acid (I) (200 mg./kg.) was as potent an anticonvulsive compound as I when injected into mice 30 min. prior to a s.c. injection of pentetrazole; equimolar doses of diethylacetic, 2,2-dimethylbutyric, 2,2-dimethylpropionic, and dimethylacetic acids had 80, 80, 80, and 20%, resp., of the activity of I, while dibutylacetic, isovaleric, vinylacetic, isocrotonic, and tiglic acids, together with EtCOCO2H, PrCOCO2H, and BuCOCO2H were nonprotective. Modifications of the alkyl chain, therefore, determine anticonvulsive activity in this series. Rats were injected with 2, 5, 10, and 25 mg. hexobarbital/kg. on 4 days, resp., which abolished the sedative effect of a subsequent injection of 150 mg. hexobarbital/kg.; however, injection of 50 mg. Depamide (Pr2CHCONH2)/kg. with a 150 mg./kg. dose of barbiturate into hexobarbital-pretreated mice caused sedation, indicating interference by Depamide towards enzymic processes. I and Depamide (i.p. injection of 200 mg./kg.) both extended the survival of mice under anoxic conditions. I homologs may interfere with enzymic processes; since abnormal urinary organic acids were detected after administration of I to rats, the interference may be at the Krebs cycle.

Agressologie published new progress about 3115-28-4. 3115-28-4 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 2-Butylhexanoic acid, and the molecular formula is C10H20O2, Category: catalysis-chemistry.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Brownbridge, Peter published the artcileAmidinosulfenylation of alkenes, Application of N-(tert-Butyl)-S-phenylthiohydroxylamine, the publication is Tetrahedron Letters (1984), 25(34), 3759-62, database is CAplus.

Reaction of phenylsulfenamides PhSNR¹R² [R¹R² = (CH₂)₄, (CH₂)₂O(CH₂)₂; R¹ = H, R² = Me₃C] with alkenes, e.g., cyclohexene, in the presence of nitriles RCN (R = Me, Me₂CH, Ph) gave amidines, e.g., I (same R, R¹, R²). CF₃SO₃H and Me₃SiO₃SCF₃ containing a catalytic quantity of CF₃SO₃H were used as promoters. Use of unsym. alkenes gave Markovnikov regiochem. exclusively. The mechanism involved generation of an episulfonium ion followed by attack of the nitrile on the ion in a Ritter-type reaction.. In the absence of nitriles, amines, e.g., II, were formed.

Tetrahedron Letters published new progress about 19117-31-8. 19117-31-8 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Oxidant, name is N-(tert-Butyl)-S-phenylthiohydroxylamine, and the molecular formula is C10H15NS, Application of N-(tert-Butyl)-S-phenylthiohydroxylamine.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Brewer, George J. published the artcileNovel therapeutic approaches to the treatment of Wilson’s disease, Category: catalysis-chemistry, the publication is Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy (2006), 7(3), 317-324, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A review. The treatment of Wilson’s disease has changed considerably in recent times, from the use of penicillamine (Cuprimine^, Merck) for all stages and types of disease, to the use of three other anticopper drugs at appropriate times for appropriate patients. Each type and stage of the disease can be considered as a therapeutic target, for which specialised therapy is appropriate. This paper systematically reviews the various types and stages of Wilson’s disease presentation, and provides opinion on the appropriate therapy for each. For patients presenting with neurol. disease, the use of tetrathiomolybdate is optimum; for patients presenting with mild-to-moderate hepatic failure, a combination of trientine (Syprine, Merck) and zinc is recommended, whereas liver transplantation is necessary for those with severe failure; zinc therapy alone or trientine alone as second choice is recommended for patients presenting with hepatitis or cirrhosis without liver failure, for maintenance therapy, for treatment of presymptomatic patients and for treatment of pediatric and pregnant patients.

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy published new progress about 38260-01-4. 38260-01-4 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Chelating Agents, name is N1,N1′-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(ethane-1,2-diamine) dihydrochloride, and the molecular formula is C6H20Cl2N4, Category: catalysis-chemistry.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Bohn, M. A. published the artcileKinetic modelling of the concentrations of the stabilizer DPA and some of its consecutive products as function of time and temperature, Recommanded Product: Bis(4-nitrophenyl)amine, the publication is Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry (2001), 65(1), 103-120, database is CAplus.

By kinetic modeling of the possible reactions of diphenylamine (DPA) and its nitrated consecutive products used to stabilize cellulose nitrate (CN), one can get reactivities for the nitrated DPA compounds for the situation inside a real CN formulation and therewith determine their stabilizing contribution. Concentration data of DPA and seven of its consecutive products have been determined by HPLC from isothermal ageing of a CN formulation at temperatures between 65 and 90 ¡ãC for up to 344 days. A comparison between the modeling presented and modelings published in the literature using the steady-state approximation is made. The steady-state approximation oversimplifies the stabilizer reaction behavior in a CN formulation. From the applied modeling the question about N-nitrosodiphenylamine as a key intermediate can be answered.

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry published new progress about 1821-27-8. 1821-27-8 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Nitro Compound,Amine,Benzene, name is Bis(4-nitrophenyl)amine, and the molecular formula is C12H9N3O4, Recommanded Product: Bis(4-nitrophenyl)amine.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Bilgic, Ali published the artcileFabrication of monoBODIPY-functionalized Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@TiO₂ nanoparticles for the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B under UV irradiation and the detection and removal of Cu(II) ions in aqueous solutions, HPLC of Formula: 13822-56-5, the publication is Journal of Alloys and Compounds (2022), 163360, database is CAplus.

In this study, the potential of magnetic fluorescence hybrid nanoparticle (Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@TiO₂-APTMS-monoBODIPY) for simultaneous detection and removal of inorganic contaminant Cu(II) ions and photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminant Rhodamine B (RhB) dye in aqueous solutions Under UV light was investigated. Samples were synthesized at each stage, and the magnetic fluorescence hybrid nanoparticle was characterized by SEM, TEM, EDX, FTIR, and XRD. When Cu(II) ions were added to the Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@TiO₂-APTMS-monoBODIPY suspension mixture, the fluorescence intensity at ¡Ö 543 nm decreased. In addition, the addition of Cu(II) ions in the presence of different cation species caused dramatic fluorescent quenching that was very selective for Cu(II) ions. The detection limit values of Cu(II) ions using the Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@TiO₂-APTMS-monoBODIPY is 0.47¦ÌM. The prepared magnetic fluorescent hybrid nanoparticle was used for Cu(II) adsorption from aqueous solutions Four different adsorption isotherms were calculated and it was found that the Langmuir isotherm fit better, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 50.505 mg/g. Kinetic research followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics model. Thermodn. parameters were calculated, and the adsorption of Cu(II) ions turned out to be endothermic, favorable, and spontaneous. RhB dyes in the suspension mixture were adsorbed on magnetic fluorescent hybrid nanomaterial in the dark with stirring for 30 min. Then after 60 min of mixing under UV light, they showed an RhB degradation percentage of 29.49%.

Journal of Alloys and Compounds published new progress about 13822-56-5. 13822-56-5 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Organic Silicones, name is 3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propan-1-amine, and the molecular formula is C6H17NO3Si, HPLC of Formula: 13822-56-5.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Berking, S. published the artcileEffects of the anticonvulsant drug valproic acid and related substances on developmental processes in hydroids, Formula: C10H20O2, the publication is Toxicology in Vitro (1991), 5(2), 109-17, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Developmental processes suitable for the detection of effects of drugs used in human therapy were investigated in the freshwater polyp hydra and in the marine hydroid Hydractinia. The organisms were treated with the anticonvulsant drug valproic acid (VPA), suspected human teratogen causing exencephaly in mice, and 12 related substances. In Hydractinia the acquisition of the normal larval shape in the course of embryogenesis and the developmental step from the larval to the adult stage (metamorphosis) were studied. When applied during embryogenesis, the test substances were found to affect cellular adhesiveness. The greater the concentration, the greater the number of groups of cells that failed to integrate within the spindle-shaped larval body. The most potent substance was octanoic acid, while diethyl-acetic acid had almost no effect. In experiments on metamorphosis, 2-propyl-pentanol was the most potent in reducing the frequency of induction of metamorphosis, whilst 4-pentanoic acid was the least effective. Long treatments (24 h) with low concentrations of VPA in Cs⁺-enriched seawater reduced, and short treatments (3 h) with high concentrations increased, the frequency of induction of metamorphosis. VPA itself failed to induced metamorphosis. A possible explanation for this may be that VPA and the other potent compounds affect the turnover of potassium ions in Hydractinia larvae. In hydra, head regeneration and its inhibition by the drugs was studied. Head regeneration was inhibited by low concentrations (> 0.1 mM) of VPA, 4-en-valproic acid, and octanoic acid, while valproic acid amide (valpromide) and diethyl-acetic acid had almost no effect. The order of potency of these test substances varies greatly with different mammalian in vivo and in vitro test systems. Therefore, a correlation between potency in hydroids and in mammalian test systems is not possible. However, some similarities are explored.

Toxicology in Vitro published new progress about 3115-28-4. 3115-28-4 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 2-Butylhexanoic acid, and the molecular formula is C10H20O2, Formula: C10H20O2.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Benmalek, M. published the artcileDetermination of the partition coefficients of some organosilicon derivatives, Product Details of C12H10F2Si, the publication is Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry Letters (1973), 9(11), 1153-5, database is CAplus.

The partition coefficients at ambient temperature of silane derivatives between C6H6 and an aqueous solution, containing enough acid to prevent hydrolysis of the derivative, are D = [concentration in the organic phase]/[concentration in the aqueous phase] = 1000, 8, 10, 3, 0.5, and 0.3 for Ph2SiF2, Et3SiF, Ph2SiCl2, Et3SiCl, Ph2Si(OH)2, and Et3SiOH, resp. The D values were determined by activation of the Si with 14-MeV neutrons [28Si(n,p)28Al], and then counting the 1.78-MeV ¦Ã-rays of 28Al in the organic and aqueous phases by using thin quartz disks, simultaneously irradiated with the samples, as standards

Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry Letters published new progress about 312-40-3. 312-40-3 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Organic Silicones, name is Difluorodiphenylsilane, and the molecular formula is C12H10F2Si, Product Details of C12H10F2Si.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Bellerby, J. M. published the artcileReactions of 2- and 4-nitrodiphenylamine and their combination in single-base propellants: evidence for an interaction between stabilizers at 80¡ãC, COA of Formula: C12H9N3O4, the publication is Journal of Energetic Materials (1997), 15(1), 1-19, database is CAplus.

Reverse-phase HPLC was used to determine concentration profiles for the stabilizers and derivatives in three exptl. single-base propellants stabilized by 1% 2-nitrodiphenylamine (2NDPA), 1% 4-nitrodiphenylamine (4NDPA), and 0.5% 2NDPA/0.5% 4NDPA during aging at 80¡ã over 28 days. In the single-stabilizer compositions 2NDPA was converted mainly into 2,2′- and 2,4′-dinitrodiphenylamine; 4NDPA initially gives N-nitroso-4-nitrodiphenylamine (NO-4NDPA). The same derivatives, but with different concentration profiles, were observed in the dual-stabilizer propellant. It was concluded that the differences result from the interaction of N-nitroso-2-diphenylamine (NO-2NDPA) and 2NDPA with nitrogen oxides arising from NO-4NDPA dissociation There was evidence that dinitrodiphenylamines derived from 2NDPA are formed by rearrangement of N,2-dinitrodiphenylamine, whereas those derived from 4NDPA are generated in reactions which follow NO-4NDPA dissociation

Journal of Energetic Materials published new progress about 1821-27-8. 1821-27-8 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Nitro Compound,Amine,Benzene, name is Bis(4-nitrophenyl)amine, and the molecular formula is C12H9N3O4, COA of Formula: C12H9N3O4.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Bargigia, Gianangelo published the artcileSynthesis of O-substituted hydroxylamines (RONH₂) from alcohols and isohydroxylamine monosulfonic acid, Safety of O-Isobutylhydroxylamine hydrochloride, the publication is Atti della Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Classe di Scienze Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali, Rendiconti (1965), 39(1-2), 83-6, database is CAplus.

The process already described for the synthesis of RON₂ (CA 62, 8649h) was, studied in regard to several side and concomitant products. The alcs. used were Et, Pr, Bu, iso-Bu, sec-Bu, and benzyl alcs., and the products prepared were RONH₂ with R = EtO; PrO; iso-PrO; BuO; iso-BuO, sec-BuO, PhCH₂O. In each case, 12.5 g. dry H₂NOSO₃Na was suspended into 30 cc. absolute alc. and a cold solution of 3.2 g. Na in 40 cc. absolute alc. was added. The reaction mixture grew warm spontaneously after 15 min. under agitation until boiling occurred. After a 12-h. rest, the solid residue was removed and the salts were precipitated by acidification with concentrated HCl; the hydroxylamine-HCl was isolated in 27-49% yields by concentration to a small volume, filtration, and precipitation with ether. The purity of the products was controlled by gas chromatog.

Atti della Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Classe di Scienze Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali, Rendiconti published new progress about 6084-58-8. 6084-58-8 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Salt,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain, name is O-Isobutylhydroxylamine hydrochloride, and the molecular formula is C4H12ClNO, Safety of O-Isobutylhydroxylamine hydrochloride.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Bardin, V. V. published the artcileReactions of polyfluoroaromatic compounds with electrophilic agents in the presence of tris(dialkylamino)phosphine. 6. Reactions of halotetrafluorobenzenes, RC₆F₄X (X = Cl, Br, I) with chlorotrimethylsilane, Quality Control of 1206-46-8, the publication is Russian Chemical Bulletin (Translation of Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya) (1997), 46(4), 780-785, database is CAplus.

The rate of replacement of the halogen atom in isomers of RC₆F₄X (X = Cl, Br, I) by the SiMe₃ group under the action of Me₃SiCl and P(NEt₂)₃ depends on the nature and the mutual arrangement of the substituents X and R. In addition to silyldehalogenation, compounds C₆HF₄X (X = Br, I) undergo silyldeprotonation and reduction to tetrafluorobenzenes.

Russian Chemical Bulletin (Translation of Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya) published new progress about 1206-46-8. 1206-46-8 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Organic Silicones, name is Trimethyl(perfluorophenyl)silane, and the molecular formula is C9H9F5Si, Quality Control of 1206-46-8.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia