Catalysis-chemistry

Peschke, Bernd published the artcileCinnamic amides of (S)-2-(aminomethyl)pyrrolidines are potent H₃ antagonists, Safety of (E)-3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid, the publication is Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry (2004), 12(10), 2603-2616, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

New imidazole-free H₃ antagonists have been found in a series of cinnamic amides of (S)-(aminomethyl)pyrrolidines. The influence of the substituent on the aromatic moiety on the potency and the inhibition of three cytochrome P 450 subtypes are also described.

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about 16909-09-4. 16909-09-4 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Ether, name is (E)-3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid, and the molecular formula is C11H12O4, Safety of (E)-3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Weiss, Johanna published the artcileLow risk of the TMPRSS2 inhibitor camostat mesylate and its metabolite GBPA to act as perpetrators of drug-drug interactions, COA of Formula: C17H19N3O7S, the publication is Chemico-Biological Interactions (2021), 109428, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Camostat mesylate, a potent inhibitor of the human transmembrane protease, serine 2 (TMPRSS2), is currently under investigation for its effectiveness in COVID-19 patients. For its safe application, the risks of camostat mesylate to induce pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions with co-administered drugs should be known. We therefore tested in vitro the potential inhibition of important efflux (P-glycoprotein (P-gp, ABCB1), breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP, ABCG2)), and uptake transporters (organic anion transporting polypeptides OATP1B1, OATP1B3, OATP2B1) by camostat mesylate and its active metabolite 4-(4-guanidinobenzoyloxy)phenylacetic acid (GBPA). Transporter inhibition was evaluated using fluorescent probe substrates in transporter over-expressing cell lines and compared to the resp. parental cell lines. Moreover, possible mRNA induction of pharmacokinetically relevant genes regulated by the nuclear pregnane X receptor (PXR) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) was analyzed in LS180 cells by quant. real-time PCR. The results of our study for the first time demonstrated that camostat mesylate and GBPA do not relevantly inhibit P-gp, BCRP, OATP1B1 or OATP1B3. Only OATP2B1 was profoundly inhibited by GBPA with an IC₅₀ of 11μM. Induction experiments in LS180 cells excluded induction of PXR-regulated genes such as cytochrome P 450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and ABCB1 and AhR-regulated genes such as CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 by camostat mesylate and GBPA. Together with the summary of product characteristics of camostat mesylate indicating no inhibition of CYP1A2, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, and 3A4 in vitro, our data suggest a low potential of camostat mesylate to act as a perpetrator in pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions. Only inhibition of OATP2B1 by GBPA warrants further investigation.

Chemico-Biological Interactions published new progress about 71079-09-9. 71079-09-9 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Salt,Carboxylic acid,Carbamidine,Amine,Benzene,Ester,Protease,Ser/Thr Protease, name is 2-(4-((4-Guanidinobenzoyl)oxy)phenyl)acetic acid methanesulfonic acid salt, and the molecular formula is C15H14O3, COA of Formula: C17H19N3O7S.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Borjian, Sogol published the artcileNMR Studies of the Species Present in Cross-Coupling Catalysis Systems Involving Pd(η³-1-Ph-C₃H₄)(η⁵-C₅H₅) and [Pd(η³-1-Ph-C₃H₄)Cl]₂ Activated by PBu^t₃, XPhos, and Mor-Dalphos: Nonexistence of Pd(XPhos)_n and Pd(Mor-Dalphos)_n (n = 1, 2) at Moderate Temperatures, Recommanded Product: 4-(2-(Di(adamantan-1-yl)phosphino)phenyl)morpholine, the publication is Organometallics (2014), 33(15), 3936-3940, database is CAplus.

The compounds Pd(η³-1-Ph-C₃H₄)(η⁵-C₅H₅) (I), Pd₂(dba)₃ (II), Pd(OAc)₂ (III), and [Pd(η³-1-Ph-C₃H₄)Cl]₂ (IV) are frequently used as catalyst precursors for a variety of cross-coupling processes, including Suzuki-Miyaura, Heck-Mizoroki, Sonogashira, and Buchwald-Hartwig reactions. The NMR spectroscopy the solution chem. of I and IV with PBu^t₃, XPhos, and Mor-Dalphos, noting similarities and differences in the resp. abilities of these precursor-ligand combinations to generate Pd(0) catalyst systems. Inter alia that steric requirements prevent Xphos and Mor-Dalphos from forming 2:1 Pd(0) complexes and, surprisingly, that 1:1 Pd(0) complexes of Xphos and Mor-Dalphos are unstable with respect to dissociation to free ligand and Pd metal were found. These two ligands and, by implication, other sterically demanding phosphine ligands do not form Pd(0) compounds

Organometallics published new progress about 1237588-12-3. 1237588-12-3 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Mono-phosphine Ligands, name is 4-(2-(Di(adamantan-1-yl)phosphino)phenyl)morpholine, and the molecular formula is C30H42NOP, Recommanded Product: 4-(2-(Di(adamantan-1-yl)phosphino)phenyl)morpholine.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Lutz, Robert E. published the artcileThe cis- and trans-3-aroyl-2- and 3-methylacrylic acids and 3-aroyl-2-methylenepropionic acids, Formula: C11H10O3, the publication is Journal of the American Chemical Society (1953), 5039-44, database is CAplus.

Ultraviolet absorption studies on the cis-3-aroyl-2- and 3-methylacrylic acids and related compounds showed that the cis compounds in solution are cyclic but are open-chain in the form of anions. The cis-3-benzoyl-2- and 3-methyl compounds and both 3-aroyl-2-methylenepropionic acids have been made, resp., from citraconic (I) and itaconic anhydride (II) by Friedel-Crafts reactions. The trans isomers are the stable forms; the cis isomers are labile; and the 3-aroyl-2-methylenepropionic acids also are labile and the least stable of the 3 types. Interconversions of the various isomers are described. II (50 g.) added during 1 hr. with stirring to 140 g. AlCl₃, 80 cc. dry C₆H₆, and 150 cc. dry CS₂ at 45°, the mixture stirred 1 hr. at 50-5° and 10 hrs. at room temperature, hydrolyzed with ice and concentrated HCl, filtered, and the colorless crystalline material (59 g.), m. 138-40°, triturated with 500 cc. boiling C₆H₆ left 40 g. BzCH₂C(:CH₂)CO₂H (III), m. 148-52°. The EtOH filtrate from the III gave on cooling 12.5 g. material, m. 125-8°, which recrystallized from C₆H₆ (m. 130-1°) and fractionally recrystallized from 60% EtOH, yielded 7 g. III and 4 g. (5%) of a new isomer, m. 146-7°, which appeared to be a nuclear cyclization product and was oxidized by KMnO₄ to o-C₆H₄(CO₂H)₂. The alc. filtrate and the C₆H₆-CS₂ filtrate from the crude III gave an addnl. 6.7 g. III (total yield 63%). III is readily soluble in aqueous Na₂CO₃, very slowly soluble in aqueous NaHCO₃, and decolorizes KMnO₄ in Me₂CO. PhBr and II gave similarly 91% p-BrC₆H₄COCH₂C(:CH₂)CO₂H (IV). I (50 g.) added with stirring to 130 g. AlCl₃, 100 cc. C₆H₆, and 150 cc. CS₂ during 1 hr. at 50°, the mixture heated 0.5 hr., stirred overnight, and hydrolyzed with ice and HCl, the organic layer evaporated in an air stream, the residue extracted with 400 cc. 10% aqueous Na₂CO₃, the extract washed with C₆H₆, acidified with HCl, extracted with C₆H₆, and the extract concentrated to 100 cc., and cooled gave 39 g. (46%) cis-BzCMe: CHCO₂H (V), m. 65-75° (recrystallized, it m. 79-80°). The filtrate from the crude V diluted with petr. ether and cooled gave 12 g. (14%) cis-BzCH:CMeCO₂H (VI), m. 70-80° (recrystallized from CCl₄, it m. 92-3°). V and VI are soluble in hot H₂O and cold aqueous NaHCO₃, and decolorize acidic KMnO₄. III (1 g.) and 5 cc. Et₃N in 15 cc. Et₂O let stand 24 hrs., the mixture evaporated, extracted with dilute HCl, and the resulting product recrystallized from EtOH gave 0.85 g. trans-isomer (VII) of VI, m. 109-10°. The isomerization of III also occurred slowly in NaOH solution, and in 10 min. by heating at 175°. The oily Me ester of trans-BzCMe: CHCO₂H (VIII) was prepared by a previously described method (C.A. 27, 2426), immediately hydrolyzed during 2 hrs. at room temperature, the mixture washed with Et₂O, acidified, extracted with Et₂O, the extract evaporated, and the residue crystallized from C₆H₆CCl₄ to give 41% VIII, m. 90-4° (recrystallized from aqueous EtOH, it m. 102-3°). III hydrogenated over PtO₂ yielded 81% BzCH₂CHMeCO₂H (IX), m. 138-40°; semicarbazone, m. 220-3°. The hydrogenation of IV over Raney Ni at atm. pressure yielded 88% p-BrC₆H₄COCH₂CHMeCO₂H (X), m. 120-2°. The reduction with Zn and AcOH gave high-melting and presumably dimeric substances, m. 204-12°, from III, and m. above 350° from IV, which were not investigated further. VI and VII heated 10 min. with Zn and AcOH on the steam bath gave IX, m. 138-40°, in 79 and 81% yield, resp. The similar reduction of VII and VIII during 20 min. gave MeCHBzCH₂CO₂H, m. 59-60°, in 63 and 71% yield, resp.; semicarbazone, m. 177-8°. III, VI, and VII (1 g. each) refluxed 4 hrs. with 6-8 g. Ba(OH)₂, and the mixture steam-distilled gave in each case a high yield of PhAc, identified as the semicarbazone, m. 197-8°. V and VIII hydrolyzed similarly yielded 71 and 50% PhCOEt, resp.; semicarbazone, m. 172-3°. IV and cis-4-BrC₆H₄COCH:CMeCO₂H (XI) gave similarly 69 and 51% p-BrC₆H₄Ac, m. 51-2°, resp.; oxime, m. 127-9°. The trans isomer (XII) of XI gave similarly 57% p-BrC₆H₄COEt, m. 46-8°; oxime, m.88-9°. The following isomerizations were carried out by the method described for the isomerization of III to VII: IV to 90% trans-p-BrC₆H₄COCH:CMeCO₂H (XIII), m. 182-4°; XI to 70% XIII; and VI to 88% VII, m. 104-6°. VI dissolved in NaOH or aqueous NaHCO₃, or heated 10 min. at 175° was also isomerized to VII. Et₃N or heat failed to isomerize V. V in Et₂O treated with morpholine gave an addition compound, m. 138-40°, which, when decomposed with warm 10% HCl, yielded 40% VIII, m. 100-2°. Et₃N did not isomerize cis-p-BrC₆H₄COCMe:CHCO₂H (XIV) to the trans isomer. VII (1 g.) in 50 cc. dry Et₂O exposed 2 days to sunlight, the mixture evaporated, and the residue recrystallized from hot C₆H₆ gave 0.9 g. VI, m. 80-5° (recrystallized from C₆H₆, it m. 89-92°). VII in Et₂O exposed to sunlight 1 week, or VI 4 days, gave 40-50% III, m. 152-4° (from aqueous EtOH). Similarly were isomerized: XI to 30% IV, m. 160-2° (from C₆H₆); XIII to IV; VIII to 80% V, m. 68-76° (recrystallized from CCl₄, it m. 78-80°); and XII to 64% XIV, m. 130-5° (recrystallized from CCl₄, it m. 138-41°). The ultraviolet absorption spectra of XIV, the cyclic Me ester of XIV, the salt of XIV, the straight-chain cis-Me ester of XIV, XII, the salt and the Me ester of XII, p-BrC₆H₄COCHMeCH₂CO₂H, XI, the salt of XI, XIII, Me ester of XIII, X, and IV are recorded.

Journal of the American Chemical Society published new progress about 15732-75-9. 15732-75-9 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Ketone, name is 2-Methylene-4-oxo-4-phenylbutanoic acid, and the molecular formula is C11H10O3, Formula: C11H10O3.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Eudes, Aymerick published the artcileProduction of tranilast [N-(3′,4′-dimethoxycinnamoyl)-anthranilic acid] and its analogs in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, COA of Formula: C11H12O4, the publication is Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology (2011), 89(4), 989-1000, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Biol. synthesis of therapeutic drugs beneficial for human health using microbes offers an alternative production strategy to the methods that are commonly employed such as direct extraction from source organisms or chem. synthesis. In this study, we evaluated the potential for yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) to be used as a catalyst for the synthesis of tranilast and various tranilast analogs (cinnamoyl anthranilates). Several studies have demonstrated that these phenolic amides have antioxidant properties and potential therapeutic benefits including antiinflammatory, antiproliferative, and antigenotoxic effects. The few cinnamoyl anthranilates naturally produced in plants such as oats and carnations result from the coupling of various hydroxycinnamoyl-CoAs to anthranilic acid. In order to achieve the microbial production of tranilast and several of its analogs, we engineered a yeast strain to co-express a 4-coumarate/CoA ligase (4CL, EC 6.2.1.12) from Arabidopsis thaliana and a hydroxycinnamoyl/benzoyl-CoA/anthranilate N-hydroxycinnamoyl/benzoyltransferase (HCBT, EC 2.3.1.144) from Dianthus caryophyllus. This modified yeast strain allowed us to produce tranilast and 26 different cinnamoyl anthranilate mols. within a few hours after exogenous supply of various combinations of cinnamic acids and anthranilate derivatives Our data demonstrate the feasibility of rapidly producing a wide range of defined cinnamoyl anthranilates in yeast and underline a potential for the biol. designed synthesis of naturally and non-naturally occurring mols.

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology published new progress about 16909-09-4. 16909-09-4 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Ether, name is (E)-3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid, and the molecular formula is C11H12O4, COA of Formula: C11H12O4.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Jiang, Jingyun published the artcilePoly-quasi-eutectic solvents (PQESs): versatile solvents for dissolving metal oxides, Computed Properties of 6972-05-0, the publication is Green Chemistry (2019), 21(20), 5571-5578, database is CAplus.

The concept of poly-quasi-eutectic solvents (PQESs) has been proposed in this study. A class of PQESs composed of polymers, namely polyethylene glycol (PEG), poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(propylene glycol)-block poly(ethylene glycol) (P123), poly(propylene glycol) bis(2-aminopropyl ether) (PPG-NH₂), and poly(ethylene glycol) di-Me ether (DMPEG), and hydrogen bonding donors (HBDs, including carboxylic acids and amides) were prepared, which could be used for dissolving metal oxides. The PQESs were formed by simply mixing the selected polymers and HBDs. The PEG-based PQESs have excellent physiochem. properties, including negligible volatility, low viscosity, intrinsic conductivity, and wide electrochem. windows. Moreover, they were shown to be good solvents for metal oxides, which have potential applications in industrial metallurgical processes.

Green Chemistry published new progress about 6972-05-0. 6972-05-0 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Thiourea,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide, name is 1,1-Dimethylthiourea, and the molecular formula is C3H8N2S, Computed Properties of 6972-05-0.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Chen, Yong published the artcileCombined Labelled and Label-free SERS Probes for Triplex Three-dimensional Cellular Imaging, Recommanded Product: 5,9-Diaminobenzo[a]phenoxazin-7-ium acetate, the publication is Scientific Reports (2016), 19173, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Cells are complex chem. systems, where the mol. composition at different cellular locations and specific intracellular chem. interactions determine the biol. function. An in-situ nondestructive characterization of the complicated chem. processes (like e.g. apoptosis) is the goal of our study. Here, we present the results of simultaneous and three-dimensional imaging of double organelles (nucleus and membrane) in single HeLa cells by means of either labeled or label-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). This combination of imaging with and without labels is not possible when using fluorescence microscopy. The SERS technique is used for a stereoscopic description of the intrinsic chem. nature of nuclei and the precise localization of folate (FA) and LH-releasing hormone (LHRH) on the membrane under highly confocal conditions. We also report on the time-dependent changes of cell nuclei as well as membrane receptor proteins during apoptosis analyzed by statistical multivariate methods. The multiplex three-dimensional SERS imaging technique allows for both temporal (real time) and spatial (multiple organelles and mols. in three-dimensional space) live-cell imaging and therefore provides a new and attractive 2D/3D tracing method in biomedicine on subcellular level.

Scientific Reports published new progress about 10510-54-0. 10510-54-0 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Other Aromatic Heterocyclic,Salt,Amine,Inhibitor,Inhibitor, name is 5,9-Diaminobenzo[a]phenoxazin-7-ium acetate, and the molecular formula is C18H15N3O3, Recommanded Product: 5,9-Diaminobenzo[a]phenoxazin-7-ium acetate.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Sun, Shaohuan published the artcileFrom Waste Biomass to Solid Support: Lignosulfonate as a Cost-Effective and Renewable Supporting Material for Catalysis, Product Details of C10H11NO4, the publication is Chemistry – A European Journal (2014), 20(2), 549-558, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Lignosulfonate (LS) is an organic waste generated as a byproduct of the cooking process in sulfite pulping in the manufacture of paper. In this paper, LS was used as an anionic supporting material for immobilizing cationic species, which can then be used as heterogeneous catalysts in some organic transformations. With this strategy, three lignin-supported catalysts were prepared including (1) lignin-SO₃Sc(OTf)₂, (2) lignin-SO₃Cu(OTf), and (3) lignin-IL@NH₂ (IL=ionic liquid). These solid materials were then examined in many organic transformations. It was finally found that, compared with its homogeneous counterpart as well as some other solid catalysts that are prepared by using different supports with the same metal or catalytically active species, the lignin-supported catalysts showed better performance in these reactions not only in terms of activity but also with regard to recyclability.

Chemistry – A European Journal published new progress about 4230-93-7. 4230-93-7 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Nitro Compound,Benzene,Ether, name is 1,2-Dimethoxy-4-(2-nitrovinyl)benzene, and the molecular formula is C5H10N2OS, Product Details of C10H11NO4.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Wang, Tao published the artcileEngineering immunomodulatory and osteoinductive implant surfaces via mussel adhesion-mediated ion coordination and molecular clicking, Quality Control of 1395786-30-7, the publication is Nature Communications (2022), 13(1), 160, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Immune response and new tissue formation are important aspects of tissue repair. However, only a single aspect is generally considered in previous biomedical interventions, and the synergistic effect is unclear. Here, a dual-effect coating with immobilized immunomodulatory metal ions (e.g., Zn²⁺) and osteoinductive growth factors (e.g., BMP-2 peptide) is designed via mussel adhesion-mediated ion coordination and mol. clicking strategy. Compared to the bare TiO₂ group, Zn²⁺ can increase M2 macrophage recruitment by up to 92.5% in vivo and upregulate the expression of M2 cytokine IL-10 by 84.5%; while the dual-effect of Zn²⁺ and BMP-2 peptide can increase M2 macrophages recruitment by up to 124.7% in vivo and upregulate the expression of M2 cytokine IL-10 by 171%. These benefits eventually significantly enhance bone-implant mech. fixation (203.3 N) and new bone ingrowth (82.1%) compared to the bare TiO2 (98.6 N and 45.1%, resp.). Taken together, the dual-effect coating can be utilized to synergistically modulate the osteoimmune microenvironment at the bone-implant interface, enhancing bone regeneration for successful implantation.

Nature Communications published new progress about 1395786-30-7. 1395786-30-7 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Inhibitor, name is Dbco-maleimide, and the molecular formula is C8H6ClF, Quality Control of 1395786-30-7.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Eisapour, Mohammad published the artcileSynthesize and Characterize Branched Magnetic Nanoparticles for the Removal of Pb(II), Cu(II), and Co(II) from Aqueous Solution in Batch System, Safety of 3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propan-1-amine, the publication is International Journal of Environmental Research (2022), 16(3), 29, database is CAplus.

In this research, branched magnetic nanoparticles with dendritic amine groups were prepared and functionalized. These nanoparticles have a clear core-shell structure, uniform size, and high magnetization. The synthesized Fe₃O₄@SiO₂/Branched by Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric anal. (TGA), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), zeta-potential measurement, and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) Characterization of nanoparticles. The effects of different factors were studied, including pH, equilibration time, metal concentration, Fe₃O₄@SiO₂/Branched dose, and temperature The kinetic anal. showed that the adsorption process was successfully adjusted using the pseudo-second kinetic model. The adsorption isotherm data are fitted using a Langmuir model. The adsorption of metal ions on Fe₃O₄@SiO₂/Branched is temperature-dependent and increases with the increase of system temperature, indicating the endothermic and spontaneous nature of adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacities of Pb(II), Cu(II), and Co(II) are 311, 204, and 146 mg/g, resp. The Fe₃O₄@SiO₂/Branched was regenerated and it was found that the adsorption capacity was not significantly reduced after repeated use for five times in the continuous adsorption and desorption cycle.

International Journal of Environmental Research published new progress about 13822-56-5. 13822-56-5 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Organic Silicones, name is 3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propan-1-amine, and the molecular formula is C6H17NO3Si, Safety of 3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propan-1-amine.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia