Tag: M.W=100-150

Nagy, Bence S. published the artcileN-Hydroxyphthalimide Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidation of Aldehydes under Continuous Flow Conditions, Synthetic Route of 118-90-1, the publication is Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis (2022), 364(12), 1998-2008, database is CAplus.

The efficacy of synthetic methodologies is based not only on potent chemistries but also on processing strategies that amplify reaction performance and overall safety. The N-hydroxyphtalimide-catalyzed aerobic oxidation of aldehydes is an environmentally reliable and inexpensive approach for the synthesis of valuable carboxylic acids. However, the reaction may lead to the accumulation of significant amounts of peracid in crude product mixtures thereby generating a considerable safety hazard. Also, in the case of deactivated substrates, long reaction times, high catalyst loading, and stoichiometric additives are required to promote oxidation Therefore, we developed a flow chem.-based process for N-hydroxyphtalimide-catalyzed aldehyde oxidations and exploited its benefits to minimize peracid buildup, thereby enhancing the process safety. By performing the aerobic oxidation of aldehydes under continuous flow conditions, chem. intensified and scalable carboxylic acid formation was obtained even in the reactions of deactivated substrates.

Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis published new progress about 118-90-1. 118-90-1 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Natural product, name is 2-Methylbenzoic acid, and the molecular formula is C8H8O2, Synthetic Route of 118-90-1.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Zahra Alizadeh, Seyedeh published the artcileFrom Deep Eutectic Solvents to Nitrogen-rich Ordered Mesoporous Carbons: A Powerful Host for the Immobilization of Palladium Nanoparticles in the Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols, Formula: C8H8O2, the publication is ChemCatChem (2022), 14(8), e202101621, database is CAplus.

The preparation of a nitrogen-rich ordered mesoporous carbon (DNOMC) with three-dimensional cubic structure was established via carbonization of a green, inexpensive and safe deep eutectic solvent consisting of choline chloride salt and D-glucose in the presence of KIT-6 template for the first time. The materials were characterized by TEM, N₂ adsorption-desorption anal., XPS, TGA, CHN, and FT-IR. The DNOMC was shown to be a powerful support for the immobilization of palladium nanoparticles. The Pd@DNOMC catalyst exhibited high activity in the selective aerobic oxidation of various activated and non-activated primary and secondary benzylic as well as linear and cyclic aliphatic alcs. to the corresponding carboxylic acids RCOOH [R = hexyl, Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, etc.] and ketones R¹C(O)R² [R¹ = Me, Ph; R² = Me, pentyl, hexyl; R¹R² = (CH₂)₆, (CH₂)₇] in pure water under mol. oxygen. The catalyst system could successfully be reused at least ten times without any significant decrease in either activity or selectivity. It was worth noting that, the hot filtration strongly showed that the catalyst worked in a boomerang-type catalyst pathway.

ChemCatChem published new progress about 118-90-1. 118-90-1 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Natural product, name is 2-Methylbenzoic acid, and the molecular formula is 0, Formula: C8H8O2.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Batenko, Nelli G. published the artcileA new method for the synthesis of 2,5-bisheteroaryl-3,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinones, Safety of 1,1-Dimethylthiourea, the publication is Heterocycles (2005), 65(7), 1569-1576, database is CAplus.

A new method for the synthesis of sym. and asym. 2,5-bisheteroaryl-3,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinones with sulfur and/or nitrogen containing heterocycles has been elaborated on the basis of easily obtainable benzofuran.

Heterocycles published new progress about 6972-05-0. 6972-05-0 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Thiourea,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide, name is 1,1-Dimethylthiourea, and the molecular formula is C3H8N2S, Safety of 1,1-Dimethylthiourea.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Koehling, Jonas published the artcileOxamates as 1,2-Diketone Equivalents: The Effect of Fluorine, HPLC of Formula: 421-49-8, the publication is ChemistrySelect (2021), 6(8), 1882-1886, database is CAplus.

In this paper, new fluorinated derivatives were presented, which were synthesized from selected fluorinated primary amines R^FNH₂ (R^F=CH₂CF₃, CH₂CHF₂, CH₂CF₂CH₃, CH(CF₃)₂, CH(CH₃)CF₃) or their hydrochlorides and Et oxalylchloride. Since oxamates was considered as 1,2 diketones, their properties, geometries, effective charges at oxygen and nitrogen and the pK_a values for the N-H grouping were investigated . In two cases, the mol. structures was measured by XRD, observing almost planar arrangement of C₂-N₁-C₃-C₄ atoms. The effect of fluorine was discussed and compared with non-fluorinated oxamates. The effective charges were controlled by various alkyl substituents at nitrogen (branched or straight, fluorinated or non-fluorinated) and can open a new field, especially when fluorinated, for multiple applications in material sciences (surfaces) and biochem. systems (enzymes).

ChemistrySelect published new progress about 421-49-8. 421-49-8 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Trifluoromethyl,Fluoride,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain, name is 1,1,1-Trifluoropropan-2-amine, and the molecular formula is C3H6F3N, HPLC of Formula: 421-49-8.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Hussein, Ahmad Q. published the artcileReactions of ¦Á-bromo isothiocyanates, Safety of 1,1-Dimethylthiourea, the publication is Chemische Berichte (1979), 112(6), 1956-72, database is CAplus.

The reactions of RR¹CBrNCS [I; R = R¹ = Me, RR¹ = (CH₂)₅, R, R¹ = Me₂CH, CO₂Me; Me₃C, Ph; H, Ph; Me₃C, Br] are described. I having ¦Â-H atoms (1st 3 compounds) eliminate HBr to form vinyl isothiocyanates, e.g., CH₂:CMeNCS. H₂O hydrolyzes I to carbonyl compounds RR¹CO. Whereas hard nucleophiles substitute the Br in I, soft nucleophiles add to the C atom of the NCS group. The chem. properties of the products, including heterocycles and geminal diisothiocyanates, are examined Me₂C:NC(S)NMe₂ shows hindered rotation about the C(S)-N and C:N bonds.

Chemische Berichte published new progress about 6972-05-0. 6972-05-0 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Thiourea,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide, name is 1,1-Dimethylthiourea, and the molecular formula is C3H8N2S, Safety of 1,1-Dimethylthiourea.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Taouss, Christina published the artcileStructure of the adducts methylthiourea: 1,4-dioxane (2:1) and 1,1-dimethylthiourea: morpholine (1:1), HPLC of Formula: 6972-05-0, the publication is Zeitschrift fuer Naturforschung, B: A Journal of Chemical Sciences (2016), 71(8), 905-907, database is CAplus.

The adducts methylthiourea:1,4-dioxane (2:1) (1) and 1,1-dimethylthiourea:morpholine (1:1) (2) were prepared and their crystal structures determined In 1, hydrogen bonding involving the methylthiourea mols. leads to the formation of R²₂(8) rings and thence to mol. ribbons parallel to [110]. The dioxane mols. accept hydrogen bonds from the remaining NH groups, and their inversion symmetry means that they connect adjacent methylthiourea ribbons, forming a layer structure parallel to (11?1). In the packing of 2, dimethylthiourea dimers cannot link to each other because of the blocking effect of their Me groups, but instead are linked indirectly via morpholine mols., the NH groups of which are simultaneously hydrogen bond acceptors from the remaining NH function of dimethylthiourea and donors towards the sulfur atom of a neighboring dimer. The overall effect is to form broad ribbons parallel to the a axis, with the morpholine mols. occupying the peripheral positions. The morpholine oxygen atom of 2 is not involved in classical hydrogen bonds.

Zeitschrift fuer Naturforschung, B: A Journal of Chemical Sciences published new progress about 6972-05-0. 6972-05-0 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Thiourea,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide, name is 1,1-Dimethylthiourea, and the molecular formula is C9H6N2O2, HPLC of Formula: 6972-05-0.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

LoCoco, Matthew D. published the artcileChelate-Controlled Synthesis of rac- and meso-Me₂Si(3-^tBu-C₅H₃)₂ZrCl₂, Application In Synthesis of 10517-44-9, the publication is Organometallics (2003), 22(26), 5498-5503, database is CAplus.

The reaction of the chelated bis-amide complex Zr{PhN(CH₂)₃NPh}Cl₂(THF)₂ (2) with Li₂[Me₂Si(3-^tBu-C₅H₃)₂] yields meso-Me₂Si(3-^tBu-C₅H₃)₂Zr{PhN(CH₂)₃NPh} (meso-3) in >98% yield. In contrast, the reaction of Zr{Me₃SiN(CH₂)₃NSiMe₃}Cl₂(THF)₂ (4) or the related mono-THF adduct Zr{Me₃SiN(CH₂)₃NSiMe₃}Cl₂(THF) (5) with Li₂[Me₂Si(3-^tBu-C₅H₃)₂] yields rac-Me₂Si(3-^tBu-C₅H₃)₂Zr{Me₃SiN(CH₂)₃NSiMe₃} (rac-6) in quant. NMR yield and 89% isolated yield. X-ray crystallog. analyses show that the Zr{RN(CH₂)₃NR} chelate ring in rac-6 has a pronounced twist conformation, while that in meso-3 has a flatter, envelope conformation. It is proposed that the conformations of the Zr{RN(CH₂)₃NR} chelate rings in the stereodetermining transition states for addition of the second Cp^– ring in these reactions are similar to those in the metallocene products and control the diastereoselectivity. Meso-3 and rac-6 are converted to meso-Me₂Si(3-^tBu-C₅H₃)₂ZrCl₂ (meso-1) and rac-1, resp., by reaction with HCl in Et₂O.

Organometallics published new progress about 10517-44-9. 10517-44-9 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Salt,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain, name is Propane-1,3-diamine dihydrochloride, and the molecular formula is C3H12Cl2N2, Application In Synthesis of 10517-44-9.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Lin, Jiahui published the artcileEarly secreted antigenic target of 6-kDa of Mycobacterium tuberculosis induces transition of macrophages into epithelioid macrophages by downregulating iNOS/NO-mediated H3K27 trimethylation in macrophages, Category: catalysis-chemistry, the publication is Molecular Immunology (2020), 189-200, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Granuloma is a pathol. feature of tuberculosis and is a tight immune cell aggregation caused by Mtb. The main constituent cells are macrophages and their derivative cells including epithelioid macrophages. However, the mol. mechanism of the transition has not been reported. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether early secreted antigenic target of 6-kDa (ESAT6) can induce the transition of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) into epithelioid macrophages and its possible mol. mechanism. The recombinant ESAT6 protein was obtained from E.coli carrying esat6 gene after iso-Pr ¦Â-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) induction. BMDMs were isolated from bone marrow of mice hind legs. Cells viability was detected by Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK8) assays. The expression levels of mRNA and proteins were detected by qPCR and Western blot, or evaluated by flow cytometry. The expression level of nitric oxide (NO) was measured with a nitric oxide indicator. ESAT6 could significantly induce mRNA and protein expression levels of a group of epithelioid macrophages marker mols. (EMMMs), including E-cadherin, junction plakoglobin, ZO1, desmoplakin, desmoglein 3 and catenin porteins, in BMDMs. These events could be abrogated in macrophage from TLR2 deficiency mice. ESAT6 could also markedly induce iNOS/NO production that could significantly inhibit trimethylation of H3K27 in the cells. ESAT6-induced expressions of epithelioid macrophages marker mols. were significantly inhibited in the presence of H3K27 histone demethylase inhibitor GSK J1. Furthermore, ROS scavenging agent N,N’-Dimethylthiourea (DMTU) could markedly inhibit the transition induced by ESAT6 in macrophages. This study demonstrates that ESAT6 bound with TLR2 can activate iNOS/NO and ROS signalings to reduce the trimethylation of H3K27 resulting in the increment of EMMMs expression that is beneficial to the transition of macrophages into epithelioid macrophages. However, hypoxia can inhibit this transition event. This study has provided new evidence of pathogenesis of granuloma caused by Mtb and also proposed new ideas for the treatment of TB.

Molecular Immunology published new progress about 6972-05-0. 6972-05-0 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Thiourea,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide, name is 1,1-Dimethylthiourea, and the molecular formula is C3H8N2S, Category: catalysis-chemistry.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Fu, Ning published the artcileComparative plastome analysis of Musaceae and new insights into phylogenetic relationships, Category: catalysis-chemistry, the publication is BMC Genomics (2022), 23(1), 223, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Musaceae is an economically important family consisting of 70-80 species. Elucidation of the interspecific relationships of this family is essential for a more efficient conservation and utilization of genetic resources for banana improvement. However, the scarcity of herbarium specimens and quality mol. markers have limited our understanding of the phylogenetic relationships in wild species of Musaceae. Aiming at improving the phylogenetic resolution of Musaceae, we analyzed a comprehensive set of 49 plastomes for 48 species/subspecies representing all three genera of this family. Musaceae plastomes have a relatively well-conserved genomic size and gene content, with a full length ranging from 166,782 bp to 172,514 bp. Variations in the IR borders were found to show phylogenetic signals to a certain extent in Musa. Codon usage bias anal. showed different preferences for the same codon between species and three genera and a common preference for A/T-ending codons. Among the two genes detected under pos. selection (dN/dS > 1), ycf2 was indicated under an intensive pos. selection. The divergent hotspot anal. allowed the identification of four regions (ndhF-trnL, ndhF, matK-rps16, and accD) as specific DNA barcodes for Musaceae species. Bayesian and maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses using full plastome resulted in nearly identical tree topologies with highly supported relationships between species. The monospecies genus Musella is sister to Ensete, and the genus Musa was divided into two large clades, which corresponded well to the basic number of n = x = 11 and n = x =10/9/7, resp. Four subclades were divided within the genus Musa. A dating anal. covering the whole Zingiberales indicated that the divergence of Musaceae family originated in the Palaeocene (59.19 Ma), and the genus Musa diverged into two clades in the Eocene (50.70 Ma) and then started to diversify from the late Oligocene (29.92 Ma) to the late Miocene. Two lineages (Rhodochlamys and Australimusa) radiated recently in the Pliocene /Pleistocene periods. The plastome sequences performed well in resolving the phylogenetic relationships of Musaceae and generated new insights into its evolution. Plastome sequences provided valuable resources for population genetics and phylogenetics at lower taxon.

BMC Genomics published new progress about 63-68-3. 63-68-3 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Natural product, name is (S)-2-Amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid, and the molecular formula is C5H11NO2S, Category: catalysis-chemistry.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Li, Yue published the artcileComparative analysis of floral scent profiles between two Chimonanthus praecox plants under different rhythms and blooming stages, SDS of cas: 118-90-1, the publication is Scientia Horticulturae (Amsterdam, Netherlands) (2022), 111129, database is CAplus.

Chimonanthus praecox is an economically important ornamental plant species native to China. It is known for its winter-season flowering times and strong fragrances. Floral fragrances vary with different circadian rhythms. Despite many studies examining the circadian-rhythm-based changes in floral fragrance, limited information is available about the floral fragrance of C. praecox with circadian rhythms. In this study, headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry was used to identify the floral scent compounds in var. grandiflorus and var. intermedius from Yunnan, China. In total, 69 volatile compounds, which were largely acids, alcs., esters, aromatic compounds, terpenes, aldehydes, and ketones, were identified and the most predominant compounds were alcs. Compounds m-xylene, p-xylene, 2-norbornanemethanol, o-xylene, cyclohepta-1,3,5-triene, germacrene D, ethylbenzene and 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid contributed to the floral scent of C. praecox. While var. grandiflorus and var. intermedius flowers contained about the same number of floral scent compounds (53 and 52, resp.), their compositions varied greatly. Furthermore, hierarchical cluster anal. based on the main compounds in var. grandiflorus and var. intermedius with different circadian rhythms indicated that opened flowers had similar compounds while unopened flowers had different ones. In addition, the amounts and contents of floral scent compounds between the two C. praecox varieties were affected differently by temperature, humidity and light intensity. Our findings will contribute to the exploration of the biosynthesis and emission mechanisms of floral scent compounds in C. praecox.

Scientia Horticulturae (Amsterdam, Netherlands) published new progress about 118-90-1. 118-90-1 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Natural product, name is 2-Methylbenzoic acid, and the molecular formula is C8H8O2, SDS of cas: 118-90-1.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia