Tag: M.W=100-150

Wang, Hui published the artcileTranscriptome analysis revealed growth phase-associated changes of a centenarian-originated probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis A6, Formula: C5H11NO2S, the publication is BMC Microbiology (2022), 22(1), 61, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The physiol. and application characteristics of probiotics are closely associated with the growth phase. Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis A6 is a promising probiotic strain isolated from the feces of a healthy centenarian in China. In this study, RNA-seq was carried out to investigate the metabolic mechanism between the exponential and the stationary phase in B. lactis A6. Differential expression anal. showed that a total of 815 genes were significantly changed in the stationary phase compared to the exponential phase, which consisted of 399 up-regulated and 416 down-regulated genes. The results showed that the transport and metabolism of cellobiose, xylooligosaccharides and raffinose were enhanced at the stationary phase, which expanded carbon source utilizing profile to confront with glucose consumption. Meanwhile, genes involved in cysteine-cystathionine-cycle (CCC) pathway, glutamate dehydrogenase, branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) biosynthesis, and Clp protease were all up-regulated in the stationary phase, which may enhance the acid tolerance of B. lactis A6 during stationary phase. Acid tolerance assay indicated that the survival rate of stationary phase cells was 51.07% after treatment by pH 3.0 for 2h, which was 730-fold higher than that of 0.07% with log phase cells. In addition, peptidoglycan biosynthesis was significantly repressed, which is comparable with the decreased growth rate during the stationary phase. Remarkably, a putative gene cluster encoding Tad pili was up-regulated by 6.5 to 12.1-fold, which is consistent with the significantly increased adhesion rate to mucin from 2.38% to 4.90% during the transition from the exponential phase to the stationary phase. This study reported growth phase-associated changes of B. lactis A6 during fermentation, including expanded carbon source utilizing profile, enhanced acid tolerance, and up-regulated Tad pili gene cluster responsible for bacterial adhesion in the stationary phase. These findings provide a novel insight into the growth phase associated characteristics in B. lactis A6 and provide valuable information for further application in the food industry.

BMC Microbiology published new progress about 63-68-3. 63-68-3 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Natural product, name is (S)-2-Amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid, and the molecular formula is C12H17NO2, Formula: C5H11NO2S.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Jahn, Ullrich published the artcile3,3-dichloroprop-2-eniminium salts (vinylogous Viehe salts). A study of their reactivity towards nucleophiles, HPLC of Formula: 6972-05-0, the publication is Synthesis (1997), 573-588, database is CAplus.

The title compounds, [Cl₂C:CC:N⁺R₂]Cl^– [I; R₂ = Me₂, (CH₂)₄, (CH₂)₂O(CH₂)₂, (CH₂)₅] react regioselectively at either the 1- or 3-position depending on the reaction pattern. Chloro substitution affording new propene iminium salts is preferred e.g. in the reaction with mercaptans, amines, and some activated arenes and hetarenes. Nucleophilic attack at the 1-position providing in allyl or allylidene structure is observed e.g. in the reaction with H₂O, EtOH, trialkyl phosphite, Me₃SiCN, Grignard reagents, and acceptor activated methylene compounds Reaction at both positions with heterocyclization to 1,3-thiazine-6-thiones occurs with thioamide functions. The regiochem. depends on a complex interplay of several factors in contrast to the FMO predicted orientation. The utility of I and some consecutive products as versatile C₃-building blocks for further syntheses is foreseeable.

Synthesis published new progress about 6972-05-0. 6972-05-0 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Thiourea,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide, name is 1,1-Dimethylthiourea, and the molecular formula is C3H8N2S, HPLC of Formula: 6972-05-0.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Cox, Dezerae published the artcileHidden information on protein function in censuses of proteome foldedness, Safety of (S)-2-Amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid, the publication is Nature Communications (2022), 13(1), 1992, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Methods that assay protein foldedness with proteomics have generated censuses of apparent protein folding stabilities in biol. milieu. However, different censuses poorly correlate with each other. Here, we show that the reason for this is that methods targeting foldedness through monitoring amino acid sidechain reactivity also detect changes in conformation and ligand binding, which can be a substantial fraction of the data. We show that the reactivity of only one quarter of cysteine or methionine sidechains in proteins in a urea denaturation curve of mammalian cell lysate can be confidently explained by a two-state unfolding isotherm. Contrary to that expected from unfolding, up to one third of the cysteines decreased reactivity. These cysteines were enriched in proteins with functions relating to unfolded protein stress. One protein, chaperone HSPA8, displayed changes arising from ligand and cofactor binding. Unmasking this hidden information using the approaches outlined here should improve efforts to understand both folding and the remodeling of protein function directly in complex biol. settings.

Nature Communications published new progress about 63-68-3. 63-68-3 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Natural product, name is (S)-2-Amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid, and the molecular formula is C5H11NO2S, Safety of (S)-2-Amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Pourhajibagher, Maryam published the artcileQuorum quenching of Streptococcus mutans via the nano-quercetin-based antimicrobial photodynamic therapy as a potential target for cariogenic biofilm, Formula: C5H11NO2S, the publication is BMC Microbiology (2022), 22(1), 125, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Quorum sensing (QS) system can regulate the expression of virulence factors and biofilm formation in Streptococcus mutans. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) inhibits quorum quenching (QQ), and can be used to prevent microbial biofilm. We thereby aimed to evaluate the anti-biofilm potency and anti-metabolic activity of nano-quercetin (N-QCT)-mediated aPDT against S. mutans. Also, in silico evaluation of the inhibitory effect of N-QCT on the competence-stimulating peptide (CSP) of S. mutans was performed to elucidate the impact of aPDT on various QS-regulated genes. Cytotoxicity and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were assessed following synthesis and confirmation of N-QCT. Subsequently, the min. biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) of N-QCT against S. mutans and anti-biofilm effects of aPDT were assessed using colorimetric assay and plate counting. Mol. modeling and docking anal. were performed to confirm the connection of QCT to CSP. The metabolic activity of S. mutans and the expression level of various genes involved in QS were evaluated by flow cytometry and reverse transcription quant. real-time PCR, resp. Successful synthesis of non-toxic N-QCT was confirmed through several characterization tests. The MBIC value of N-QCT against S. mutans was 128μg/mL. Similar to the crystal violet staining, the results log10 CFU/mL showed a significant degradation of preformed biofilms in the group treated with aPDT compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Following aPDT, metabolic activity of S. mutans also decreased by 85.7% (1/2 x MBIC of N-QCT) and 77.3% (1/4 x MBIC of N-QCT), as compared to the control values (P < 0.05). In silico anal. showed that the QCT mol. was located in the site formed by polypeptide helixes of CSP. The relative expression levels of the virulence genes were significantly decreased in the presence of N-QCT-mediated aPDT (P < 0.05). The combination of N-QCT with blue laser as a QQ-strategy leads to maximum ROS generation, disrupts the microbial biofilm of S. mutans, reduces metabolic activity, and downregulates the expression of genes involved in the QS pathway by targeting genes of the QS signaling system of S. mutans.

BMC Microbiology published new progress about 63-68-3. 63-68-3 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Natural product, name is (S)-2-Amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid, and the molecular formula is C5H11NO2S, Formula: C5H11NO2S.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Tomazin, Ursa published the artcileSynthesis of polyenaminones by acid-catalyzed amino-enaminone ‘click’ polymerization, COA of Formula: C3H12Cl2N2, the publication is European Polymer Journal (2018), 603-616, database is CAplus.

A mild amino-enaminone ‘click’ polymerization method for the preparation of polyenaminones by transamination of α,α’-bis-enaminocyclopentanones with diamines was developed. A series of 12 representative polymers were synthesized by acid-catalyzed transamination of two bis-enaminones with six primary 1,2-, 1,3-, and 1,4-diamines. The method allows for combinatorial preparation of structurally diverse polyenaminones from easily available diamines and bis-enaminones. The reaction mechanism was studied by NMR and MS. It involves formation of open-chain and cyclic oligomers, which then undergo a step-wise polymerization to furnish the title polymers with high average mol. weight (M_w > 5.0 × 10⁴ Da) and with spherical and porous microstructure. The obtained polymers were insoluble in most organic solvents, stable in diluted acids and bases, while degradable in concentrated hydrochloric acid at room temperature They were thermally stable up to 200 °C and exhibited film-forming and UV-vis-shielding properties.

European Polymer Journal published new progress about 10517-44-9. 10517-44-9 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Salt,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain, name is Propane-1,3-diamine dihydrochloride, and the molecular formula is C7H8INO, COA of Formula: C3H12Cl2N2.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Freitas, Brendan T. published the artcileExploring Noncovalent Protease Inhibitors for the Treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Like Coronaviruses, Related Products of catalysis-chemistry, the publication is ACS Infectious Diseases (2022), 8(3), 596-611, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Over the last 20 years, both severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-1 and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 have transmitted from animal hosts to humans causing zoonotic outbreaks of severe disease. Both viruses originate from a group of betacoronaviruses known as subgroup 2b. The emergence of two dangerous human pathogens from this group along with previous studies illustrating the potential of other subgroup 2b members to transmit to humans has underscored the need for antiviral development against them. Coronaviruses modify the host innate immune response in part through the reversal of ubiquitination and ISGylation with their papain-like protease (PLpro). To identify unique or overarching subgroup 2b structural features or enzymic biases, the PLpro from a subgroup 2b bat coronavirus, BtSCoV-Rf1.2004, was biochem. and structurally evaluated. This evaluation revealed that PLpros from subgroup 2b coronaviruses have narrow substrate specificity for K48 polyubiquitin and ISG15 originating from certain species. The PLpro of BtSCoV-Rf1.2004 was used as a tool alongside PLpro of CoV-1 and CoV-2 to design 30 novel noncovalent drug-like pan subgroup 2b PLpro inhibitors that included determining the effects of using previously unexplored core linkers within these compounds Two crystal structures of BtSCoV-Rf1.2004 PLpro bound to these inhibitors aided in compound design as well as shared structural features among subgroup 2b proteases. Screening of these three subgroups 2b PLpros against this novel set of inhibitors along with cytotoxicity studies can provide new directions for pan-coronavirus subgroup 2b antiviral development of PLpro inhibitors.

ACS Infectious Diseases published new progress about 118-90-1. 118-90-1 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Natural product, name is 2-Methylbenzoic acid, and the molecular formula is C8H8O2, Related Products of catalysis-chemistry.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Verma, Sanjeev K. published the artcileImidazole-Catalyzed Monoacylation of Symmetrical Diamines, Computed Properties of 10517-44-9, the publication is Organic Letters (2010), 12(19), 4232-4235, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

An imidazole-catalyzed protocol for monoacylation of sym. diamines has been developed. The protocol gave selective monoacylation of aliphatic (cyclic and acyclic) primary and secondary diamines. In the reaction, imidazole acts as both catalyst and a leaving group. Different monoacylated piperazines and other diamines were synthesized at room temperature in an ethanol/water solvent system.

Organic Letters published new progress about 10517-44-9. 10517-44-9 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Salt,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain, name is Propane-1,3-diamine dihydrochloride, and the molecular formula is C11H19N, Computed Properties of 10517-44-9.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Chern, Tiffany published the artcileMutations in Hcfc1 and Ronin result in an inborn error of cobalamin metabolism and ribosomopathy, SDS of cas: 63-68-3, the publication is Nature Communications (2022), 13(1), 134, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Combined methylmalonic acidemia and homocystinuria (cblC) is the most common inborn error of intracellular cobalamin metabolism and due to mutations in Methylmalonic Aciduria type C and Homocystinuria (MMACHC). Recently, mutations in the transcriptional regulators HCFC1 and RONIN (THAP11) were shown to result in cellular phenocopies of cblC. Since HCFC1/RONIN jointly regulate MMACHC, patients with mutations in these factors suffer from reduced MMACHC expression and exhibit a cblC-like disease. However, addnl. de-regulated genes and the resulting pathophysiol. is unknown. Therefore, we have generated mouse models of this disease. In addition to exhibiting loss of Mmachc, metabolic perturbations, and developmental defects previously observed in cblC, we uncovered reduced expression of target genes that encode ribosome protein subunits. We also identified specific phenotypes that we ascribe to deregulation of ribosome biogenesis impacting normal translation during development. These findings identify HCFC1/RONIN as transcriptional regulators of ribosome biogenesis during development and their mutation results in complex syndromes exhibiting aspects of both cblC and ribosomopathies.

Nature Communications published new progress about 63-68-3. 63-68-3 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Natural product, name is (S)-2-Amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid, and the molecular formula is C5H11NO2S, SDS of cas: 63-68-3.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia