Tag: M.W=100-150

Liu, Junkai published the artcileIdentification of new potent anticancer derivatives through simplifying the core structure and modification on their 14- hydroxyl group from oridonin, Quality Control of 118-90-1, the publication is European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (2022), 114155, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The natural product oridonin has the potential to be a broad-spectrum antineoplastic agent. To develop oridonin analogs with high potency, a series of novel oridonin analogs were designed and synthesized by removing the multiple hydroxyl groups of parent compound The representative analogs 14, 19, and 26 (I – III, resp.) exhibited potent anticancer effects against K562, MDA-MB-231, SMMC-7721, and MCF-7 cells. Further structural modification on their 14-OH generated more potent derivatives 16n, 21d, and 28d, resp. (IV – VI, resp.), in which the IC₅₀ value of compound 16n was 50-fold more potent than parent oridonin in K562 cells. Furthermore, compound 16n significantly induced the cell cycle arrest of K562 cells at the G2 phase and increased the fraction of apoptotic cells. Importantly, compounds 16n, 21d, and 28d exhibited good antitumor activities in H22 allograft mice in vivo. These results suggest that compounds 16n, 21d, and 28d deserve further development as promising candidates for the treatment of cancers.

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about 118-90-1. 118-90-1 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Natural product, name is 2-Methylbenzoic acid, and the molecular formula is C8H8O2, Quality Control of 118-90-1.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Ye, Xinhai published the artcileGenome of the parasitoid wasp Cotesia chilonis sheds light on amino acid resource exploitation, SDS of cas: 63-68-3, the publication is BMC Biology (2022), 20(1), 118, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A fundamental feature of parasitism is the nutritional exploitation of host organisms by their parasites. Parasitoid wasps lay eggs on arthropod hosts, exploiting them for nutrition to support larval development by using diverse effectors aimed at regulating host metabolism However, the genetic components and mol. mechanisms at the basis of such exploitation, especially the utilization of host amino acid resources, remain largely unknown. To address this question, here, we present a chromosome-level genome assembly of the parasitoid wasp Cotesia chilonis and reconstruct its amino acid biosynthetic pathway. Analyses of the amino acid synthetic pathway indicate that C. chilonis lost the ability to synthesize ten amino acids, which was confirmed by feeding experiments with amino acid-depleted media. Of the ten pathways, nine are known to have been lost in the common ancestor of animals. We find that the ability to synthesize arginine was also lost in C. chilonis because of the absence of two key genes in the arginine synthesis pathway. Further analyses of the genomes of 72 arthropods species show that the loss of arginine synthesis is common in arthropods. Metabolomic analyses by UPLC-MS/MS reveal that the temporal concentrations of arginine, serine, tyrosine, and alanine are significantly higher in host (Chilo suppressalis) hemolymph at 3 days after parasitism, whereas the temporal levels of 5-hydroxylysine, glutamic acid, methionine, and lysine are significantly lower. We sequence the transcriptomes of a parasitized host and non-parasitized control. Differential gene expression analyses using these transcriptomes indicate that parasitoid wasps inhibit amino acid utilization and activate protein degradation in the host, likely resulting in the increase of amino acid content in host hemolymph. We sequenced the genome of a parasitoid wasp, C. chilonis, and revealed the features of trait loss in amino acid biosynthesis. Our work provides new insights into amino acid exploitation by parasitoid wasps, and this knowledge can specifically be used to design parasitoid artificial diets that potentially benefit mass rearing of parasitoids for pest control.

BMC Biology published new progress about 63-68-3. 63-68-3 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Natural product, name is (S)-2-Amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid, and the molecular formula is C8H10BNO3, SDS of cas: 63-68-3.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Zheng, Anqi published the artcileA binding-enhanced but enzymatic activity-eliminated human ACE2 efficiently neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 variants, SDS of cas: 63-68-3, the publication is Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy (2022), 7(1), 10, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The goal is to generate a recombinant ACE2 protein that is long lasting without enzymic activity and can potently neutralize different SARS-CoV-2 variants. To screen efficient ACE2 fusion proteins with neutralization activity against both the wild-type SARS-CoV-2 strain (SARS-CoV-2 WT) and variants, we designed a panel of hACE2 proteins with mutations in the binding interface with the SARS-CoV-2 RBD. We focused on five potentially critical hydrophobic or charged residues, T27, D30, K31, H34, and M82, and designed seven mutants (T27F, D30E, K31R, H34F, H34W, M82F, and M82W) that enhance their hydrophobicity or electrification. We found that the binding affinities of two hACE2-mFc mutants, T27F and D30E, were enhanced, the affinities of two others, K31R and H34F, were diminished, and the affinities of the remaining three, H34W, M82F, and M82W, were nearly identical to that of wild-type hACE2 (hACE2-WT). HACE2-WT and mutant proteins can neutralize both SARS-CoV-2 WT and variants infection with decreased the half maximal inhibitory concentrations in Vero cells. Our binding and neutralization analyses indicate that hACE2-T27F-R273Q has potential as a broad antiviral therapeutic against current and future SARS-CoV-2 variants, and provides insights into its potential for the treatment of infections of other SARS-like coronavirus who use the ACE2 as entry receptor.

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy published new progress about 63-68-3. 63-68-3 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Natural product, name is (S)-2-Amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid, and the molecular formula is C5H5NO3S, SDS of cas: 63-68-3.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Cheng, Guilin published the artcileSynthesis of highly active enzyme-metal nanohybrids and uncovering the design rules, Formula: C3H6F3N, the publication is Enzyme and Microbial Technology (2022), 109962, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Nanobiohybrid CAL-B/MNPs were synthesized through enzyme in situ reduction of metal ions, including noble and non-noble metals. Lipase CAL-B acted as multifunctional reagents (reducing and supporting agents). The hybrid catalysts were systematically characterized by HRTEM, EDX, MALDI-TOF-MS, and XPS anal., confirming that highly dispersed 3-5 nm nanoparticles were evenly dispersed on lipase matrix without agglomeration. The mechanism of CAL-B reducing metal ions was investigated, revealing that AGLFFSSKDL in the amino acid sequence of CAL-B from 111 to 128 formed a stable spatial structure through hydrogen bonding, which was the key factor for enzyme in situ reduction of metal ions into highly dispersed nanoparticles.

Enzyme and Microbial Technology published new progress about 421-49-8. 421-49-8 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Trifluoromethyl,Fluoride,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain, name is 1,1,1-Trifluoropropan-2-amine, and the molecular formula is C3H6F3N, Formula: C3H6F3N.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Zhou, Huajin published the artcileComparison of endogenous amino acid losses in broilers when offered nitrogen-free diets with differing ratios of dextrose to corn starch, Formula: C5H11NO2S, the publication is Scientific Reports (2022), 12(1), 5689, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The nitrogen-free diet (NFD) method is widely used to determine the ileal endogenous amino acids (IEAAs) losses in broiler chickens. Starch and dextrose are the main components of NFD, but the effects of their proportion in the NFD on the IEAAs and the digestive physiol. of broilers are still unclear. This preliminary study aims to explore the best proportion of glucose and corn starch in NFD to simulate the normal intestinal physiol. of broilers, which helps to improve the accuracy of IEAAs determination For this purpose, 28-day-old broiler chickens were allocated to five treatment groups for a 3-day trial, including a control group and four NFD groups. The ratios of dextrose to corn starch (D/CS) in the four NFD were 1.00, 0.60, 0.33, and 0.14, resp. Results noted that NFD significantly reduced serum IGF-1, albumin, and uric acid levels compared with the control (P < 0.05), except there was no difference between group D/CS 0.33 and the control for IGF-1. The increased Asp, Thr, Ser, Glu, Gly, Ala, Val, Ile, Leu, His, Tyr, Arg, and Pro contents of IEAAs were detected in broilers fed the NFD with a higher ratio of D/CS (1.00 and 0.60) compared to the lower ratio of D/CS (0.33 and 0.14). Moreover, ileal digestibility of dry matter and activity of digestive enzymes increased as the D/CS elevated (P < 0.001). Further investigation revealed that the number of ileal goblet cells and Mucin-2 expression were higher in the group with D/CS at 1.00 when compared with group D/CS 0.33 and the control (P < 0.05). Microbiota anal. showed that NFD reshaped the gut microbiota, characterized by decreased microbial diversity and lower abundance of Bacteroidetes, and increased Proteobacteria (P < 0.05). Our results indicate that a higher D/CS ratio (1.00 and 0.60) in NFD increases IEAAs by promoting digestive enzymes and mucin secretion. However, the excessive proportion of starch (D/CS = 0.14) in NFD was unsuitable for the chicken to digest. The chickens fed with NFD with the D/CS ratio at 0.33 were closer to the normal digestive physiol. state. Thus, the ratio of D/CS in NFD at 0.33 is more appropriate to detect IEAAs of broiler chickens.

Scientific Reports published new progress about 63-68-3. 63-68-3 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Natural product, name is (S)-2-Amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid, and the molecular formula is C8H19NO, Formula: C5H11NO2S.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Cheng, Guilin published the artcileChemoenzymatic dynamic kinetic resolution of ¦Á-trifluoromethylated amines: influence of substitutions on the reversed stereoselectivity, Product Details of C3H6F3N, the publication is RSC Advances (2013), 3(25), 9820-9828, database is CAplus.

Enzymic resolution of ¦Á-trifluoromethylated amines via kinetic resolution (KR), dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) employing Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB)-Pd/Al₂O₃, and a one-pot sequential process of KR/DKR/KR was investigated comparatively for the first time. Although CALB-catalyzed KR of ¦Á-trifluoromethylated amines with substituents of Me (1a), iso-Pr (1c), Ph (1d) and benzyl group (1e) can provide good stereoselectivity factors E from 31 to >200, resp., DKR and sequential process of KR/DKR/KR possess better practical application potential because of the higher conversion (62%-84%) and the similar enantiomeric excesses (90%-99%). The enantio-preference and inversion for the ¦Á-trifluoromethylated amines displayed by CALB were observed and explained by docking modes. Namely, for 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-propylamine (1a), the product amide with R-configuration was obtained, and the enantio-preference was converted to S for the amines (1b-1e) with substituents larger than Me group. The catalysts recycle, and scale-up experiments were demonstrated successfully. All these results indicated the high efficiency and green feature of this enzymic process, and its application significance.

RSC Advances published new progress about 421-49-8. 421-49-8 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Trifluoromethyl,Fluoride,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain, name is 1,1,1-Trifluoropropan-2-amine, and the molecular formula is C3H6F3N, Product Details of C3H6F3N.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Tam, Shuk Ching published the artcileElectrostatic interactions between organic ions, Computed Properties of 10517-44-9, the publication is Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions 1: Physical Chemistry in Condensed Phases (1984), 80(8), 2255-67, database is CAplus.

Association constants of organic cations and anions with different charge separations, rigidity, and shapes were determined and compared with association constants of inorganic cations with organic anions and of inorganic anions with inorganic cations. Bjerrum’s theory of ion-pair formation is applicable to spherical inorganic ions, but not to ions having anisotropic charge distributions and shapes. For the latter, charge matching is an important factor in the association and is most effective for rigid ions.

Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions 1: Physical Chemistry in Condensed Phases published new progress about 10517-44-9. 10517-44-9 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Salt,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain, name is Propane-1,3-diamine dihydrochloride, and the molecular formula is C8H13NO3, Computed Properties of 10517-44-9.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Ricigliano, Vincent A. published the artcileEffects of different artificial diets on commercial honey bee colony performance, health biomarkers, and gut microbiota, HPLC of Formula: 63-68-3, the publication is BMC Veterinary Research (2022), 18(1), 52, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Honey bee colonies managed for agricultural pollination are highly dependent on human inputs, especially for disease control and supplemental nutrition. Hives are routinely fed artificial “pollen substitute” diets to compensate for insufficient nutritional forage in the environment. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different artificial diets in a northern California, US com. beekeeping operation from August through Feb. This time period represents an extended forage dearth when supplemental nutrition is used to stimulate late winter colony growth prior to almond pollination in the early spring. A total of 144 honey bee colonies were divided into 8 feeding groups that were replicated at three apiary sites. Feeding groups received com. diets (Global, Ultra Bee, Bulk Soft, MegaBee, AP23, Healthy Bees), a beekeeper-formulated diet (Homebrew), or a sugar neg. control. Diets were analyzed for macronutrient and amino acid content then evaluated with respect to honey bee colony population size, average bee weight, nutrition-related gene expression, gut microbiota abundance, and pathogen levels. Replicated at three apiary sites, two pollen-containing diets (Global and Homebrew) produced the largest colonies and the heaviest bees per colony. Two diets (Bulk Soft and AP23) that did not contain pollen led to significantly larger colonies than a sugar neg. control diet. Diet macronutrient content was not correlated with colony size or health biomarkers. The sum of dietary essential amino acid deficiencies relative to leucine content were correlated with average bee weight in Nov. and colony size used for almond pollination in Feb. Nutrition-related gene expression, gut microbiota, and pathogen levels were influenced by apiary site, which overrode some diet effects. Regarding microbiota, diet had a significant impact on the abundance of Bifidobacterium and Gilliamella and trended towards effects on other prominent bee gut taxa. Multiple colony and individual bee measures are necessary to test diet efficacy since honey bee nutritional responses are complex to evaluate. Balancing essential amino acid content relative to leucine instead of tryptophan may improve diet protein efficiency ratios. Optimization of bee diets could improve feed sustainability and agricultural pollination efficiency by supporting larger, healthier honey bee colonies.

BMC Veterinary Research published new progress about 63-68-3. 63-68-3 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Natural product, name is (S)-2-Amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid, and the molecular formula is C5H11NO2S, HPLC of Formula: 63-68-3.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Xu, Yan published the artcileEfficient Z-Selective Olefin-Acrylamide Cross-Metathesis Enabled by Sterically Demanding Cyclometalated Ruthenium Catalysts, Recommanded Product: 1,1,1-Trifluoropropan-2-amine, the publication is Journal of the American Chemical Society (2020), 142(50), 20987-20993, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The efficient Z-selective cross-metathesis between acrylamides and common terminal olefins has been developed by the use of novel cyclometalated ruthenium catalysts with bulky N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands. Superior reactivity and stereoselectivity are realized for the first time in this challenging transformation, allowing streamlined access to an important class of cis-Michael acceptors from readily available feedstocks. The kinetic preference for cross-metathesis is enabled by a pivalate anionic ligand, and the origin of this effect is elucidated by d. functional theory calculations

Journal of the American Chemical Society published new progress about 421-49-8. 421-49-8 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Trifluoromethyl,Fluoride,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain, name is 1,1,1-Trifluoropropan-2-amine, and the molecular formula is C11H11NO2, Recommanded Product: 1,1,1-Trifluoropropan-2-amine.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Wang, Hai-su published the artcileQuality characteristics of black garlic with differet processing procedures, Recommanded Product: 1,1-Dimethylthiourea, the publication is Xiandai Shipin Keji (2014), 30(7), 230-236, 257, database is CAplus.

In this study, fresh garlic from Jinxiang was fermented to black garlic by -18¡ãC pretreatment combined with variable temperature fermentation for the first time. The total color difference, water content, texture, reducing sugar content, total phenol content, free amino acid content, volatile components and sensory indexes of black garlic were determined in order to compare the quality characteristics of lab-prepared fermented black garlic (FBG) and three kinds of com. black garlic made by traditional processing. The results indicated that the fermentation period by the new processing method with frozen pretreatment decreased, which was shortened from 60-90 days to 15 days and FBG made by the new processing method was similar or better than the com. black garlic by traditional processing in terms of sensory indexes, nutrition and functional components. The reducing sugar content, total phenol content, free amino acid content of FBG reached to (48.50 ¡À 0.44) ¡Á 10^-2 g/g, 10.44 ¡À 0.53 mg/g, (54.90 ¡À 0.61) ¡Á 10^-2 mg/g, resp., by the new method. At the same time, the contents of 17 kinds of amino acid and volatile components are equal or higher than those of the com. black garlic. Therefore, the new processing technol. for FBG shortened the fermentation period, and ensured the quality of black garlic products. These results provided references for black garlic processing industry in China.

Xiandai Shipin Keji published new progress about 6972-05-0. 6972-05-0 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Thiourea,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide, name is 1,1-Dimethylthiourea, and the molecular formula is C16H24BNO2, Recommanded Product: 1,1-Dimethylthiourea.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia