Tag: M.W=100-150

Sterk, G. J. published the artcileStudies on histaminergic compounds. Part II. Synthesis and histamine H₂-activity of dimaprit and some of its analogs, Synthetic Route of 6972-05-0, the publication is European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (1984), 19(6), 545-50, database is CAplus.

By measuring the histamine H₂-activity of dimaprit??[65119-89-3] at the isolated right atrium of the guinea-pig at pH 7.0 and 7.5 it was found that a monocation of dimaprit is the active species. Taking into account the necessary proton transfer it was concluded this is probably the monocation protonated at the amino group. Addnl., some dimaprit analogs were prepared and it was found that although some substituents at the amidino part of dimaprit and quaternization of the amino group gave an increase in the desired protonated form, any change in the structure of dimaprit resulted in an undetectable level of the histamine H₂-activity.

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about 6972-05-0. 6972-05-0 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Thiourea,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide, name is 1,1-Dimethylthiourea, and the molecular formula is C8H14O2, Synthetic Route of 6972-05-0.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Xu, Angelina published the artcileAbraham model description of the solubilising properties of the isopropyl acetate organic mono-solvent, Computed Properties of 118-90-1, the publication is Physics and Chemistry of Liquids (2022), 60(2), 312-324, database is CAplus.

Exptl. mole fraction solubilities are reported for acenaphthene, o-acetoacetanisidide, acetylsalicylic acid, anthracene, benzil, benzoic acid, benzoin, 4-tert-butylbenzoic acid, 3-chlorobenzoic acid, 4-chlorobenzoic acid, 2-chloro-5-nitrobenzoic acid, 4-chloro-3-nitrobenzoic acid, 3,4-dichlorobenzoic acid, 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid, 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid, di-Ph sulfone, fluoranthene, 9-fluorenone, 2-hydroxybenzoic acid, 2-methoxybenzoic acid, 4-methoxybenzoic acid, 2-methylbenzoic acid, 3-methylbenzoic acid, 2-methyl-3-nitrobenzoic acid, 3-methyl-4-nitrobenzoic acid, 4-methyl-3-nitrobenzoic acid, 4-nitrobenzoic acid, pyrene, salicylamide, 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoic acid, and xanthene dissolved in iso-Pr acetate at 298.15 K. Results of exptl. measurements, combined with published solubility data for an addnl. 11 organic compounds, were used to derive Abraham model correlations that described the solubilising properties of the iso-Pr acetate mono-solvent. The derived Abraham model correlations back-calculate the observed exptl. data to within 0.10 log units (or less).

Physics and Chemistry of Liquids published new progress about 118-90-1. 118-90-1 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Natural product, name is 2-Methylbenzoic acid, and the molecular formula is C7H13NO2, Computed Properties of 118-90-1.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Khoukhi, Mostafa published the artcileCurtius rearrangement of ¦Ø-azido acid chlorides: access to the corresponding ¦Ø-azido substituted amines and carbamates, useful building blocks for polyamine syntheses, Quality Control of 10517-44-9, the publication is Synthesis (1996), 483-7, database is CAplus.

Treatment of ¦Ø-azido acid chlorides with Me₃SiN₃ affords ¦Ø-azido isocyanates which were easily converted in good yields to the corresponding ¦Ø-azidoamines or ¦Ø-azidocarbamates. 1,3- And 1,4-diamine dihydrochlorides were then prepared by catalytic hydrogenation or reductive alkylation with an organodichloroborane.

Synthesis published new progress about 10517-44-9. 10517-44-9 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Salt,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain, name is Propane-1,3-diamine dihydrochloride, and the molecular formula is C3H12Cl2N2, Quality Control of 10517-44-9.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Shukuri, Miho published the artcileEx vivo imaging and analysis of ROS generation correlated with microglial activation in rat model with acute neuroinflammation induced by intrastriatal injection of LPS, Application In Synthesis of 6972-05-0, the publication is Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications (2021), 101-106, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases. Microglia, the major important regulators of neuroinflammation, are activated in response to excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from damaged cells and resulting in elevated and sustained damages. However, the relationship between microglia and ROS-regulatory system in the early stages of neuroinflammation prior to the appearance of neuronal damages have not been elucidated in detail. In this study, we analyzed the time-dependent changes in ROS generation during acute neuroinflammation in rats that were given an intrastriatal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We evaluated the effects of minocycline, an anti-inflammatory antibiotic, and N,N-dimethylthiourea (DMTU), a radical scavenger, to understand the correlation between activated microglia and ROS generation. Ex vivo fluorescence imaging using dihydroethidium (DHE) clearly demonstrated an increased ROS level in the infused side of striatum in the rats treated with LPS. The level of ROS was changed in time-dependent manner, and the highest level of ROS was observed on day 3 after the infusion of LPS. Immunohistochem. studies revealed that time-dependent changes in ROS generation were well correlated to the presence of activated microglia. The inhibition of microglial activation by minocycline remarkably reduced ROS levels in the LPS-injected striatum, which indicated that the increased ROS generation caused by LPS was induced by activated microglia. DMTU decreased ROS generation and resulted in remarkable inhibitory effect on microglial activation. This study demonstrated that ROS generation during acute neuroinflammation induced by LPS was considerably associated with microglial activation, in an intact rat brain. The results provides a basis for understanding the interaction of ROS-regulatory system and activated microglia during neuroinflammation underlying neurodegenerative diseases.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications published new progress about 6972-05-0. 6972-05-0 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Thiourea,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide, name is 1,1-Dimethylthiourea, and the molecular formula is C7H16Cl2Si, Application In Synthesis of 6972-05-0.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Batenko, N. G. published the artcileSynthesis of 2,5-bis(2-aminothiazol-5-yl)-3,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinones, Application of 1,1-Dimethylthiourea, the publication is Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds (New York)(Translation of Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii) (2000), 36(6), 733-737, database is CAplus.

A series of 2-(2-aminothiazol-5-yl)-3,6-dichloro-5-diethylaminoethenyl-1,4-benzoquinones was synthesized from 2-(2-aminothiazol-5-yl)-3,5,6-trichloro-1,4-benzoquinones using acetaldehyde and diethylamine in toluene solution Refluxing these compounds with substituted thioureas in acetonitrile in the presence of hydrochloric acid gives the corresponding 2,5-bis(2-aminothiazol-5-yl)-3,6-dichlorohydroquinones which can be oxidized to the target products with ferric chloride in aqueous DMF.

Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds (New York)(Translation of Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii) published new progress about 6972-05-0. 6972-05-0 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Thiourea,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide, name is 1,1-Dimethylthiourea, and the molecular formula is C3H8N2S, Application of 1,1-Dimethylthiourea.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Mott, Bryan T. published the artcileSynthesis and Antimalarial Efficacy of Two-Carbon-Linked, Artemisinin-Derived Trioxane Dimers in Combination with Known Antimalarial Drugs, Synthetic Route of 6084-58-8, the publication is Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (2013), 56(6), 2630-2641, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Malaria continues to be a difficult disease to eradicate largely because of the widespread populations it affects and the resistance that malaria parasites have developed against once very potent therapies. The natural product artemisinin has been a boon for antimalarial chemotherapy, as artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) has become the first line of chemotherapy. Because the threat of resistance is always on the horizon, it is imperative to continually identify new treatments, comprising both advanced analogs of all antimalarial drugs, especially artemisinin, and the exploration of novel combinations, ideally with distinct mechanisms of action. Here we report for the first time the synthesis of a series of two-carbon-linked artemisinin-derived dimers (I and oxime derivatives), their unique structural features, and demonstration of their antimalarial efficacy via single oral dose administration in two 60-day survival studies of Plasmodium berghei infected mice. Several of the new endoperoxide chem. entities consistently demonstrated excellent antimalarial efficacy, and combinations with two non-peroxide antimalarial drugs have been studied.

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about 6084-58-8. 6084-58-8 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Salt,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain, name is O-Isobutylhydroxylamine hydrochloride, and the molecular formula is C4H12ClNO, Synthetic Route of 6084-58-8.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Tsai, Jung-Chin published the artcileSolid-liquid equilibrium measurements using DSC for three binary mixtures of 2-methylbenzoic acid + 3-methylbenzoic acid, 2-methoxybenzoic acid + 3-methylbenzoic acid, and N-phenylacetamide + benzamide, Quality Control of 118-90-1, the publication is Fluid Phase Equilibria (2022), 113443, database is CAplus.

This study reports the solid-liquid equilibrium (SLE) data for three binary mixtures of 2-methylbenzoic acid + 3-methylbenzoic acid, 2-methoxybenzoic acid + 3-methylbenzoic acid, and N-phenylacetamide + benzamide. These phase equilibrium data were measured using the Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The solidus and liquidus temperatures for each binary mixture at various compositions are presented. All three binary mixtures show the simple eutectic behavior. The eutectic temperatures and compositions for these binary mixtures were determined using the fractional transformation method. The fractional transformation is defined as the fraction of the mixture that is liquefied during the heating process using DSC. The fractional transformation data at the eutectic point, denoted as the eutectic fraction, were evaluated from the exptl. DSC results over various time intervals during the measurements. A triangular plot of the eutectic fractions against various compositions of a binary mixture effectively illustrated the eutectic point condition. The liquidus curves for each binary system were correlated using the Wilson and NRTL (Non-Random Two-Liquid) activity coefficient models. The optimally fitted model parameters for each binary mixture are presented in this study. Satisfactory correlation results are also demonstrated for all binary systems.

Fluid Phase Equilibria published new progress about 118-90-1. 118-90-1 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Natural product, name is 2-Methylbenzoic acid, and the molecular formula is C9H6BrNO, Quality Control of 118-90-1.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Wang, Xiaofan published the artcileDonor age and body weight determine the effects of fecal microbiota transplantation on growth performance, and fecal microbiota development in recipient pigs, COA of Formula: C5H11NO2S, the publication is Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology (2022), 13(1), 49, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The application of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) to improve swine growth performance has been sporadically studied. Most of these studies used a single microbiota source and thus the effect of donor characteristics on recipient pigs¡ä fecal microbiota development and growth performance is largely unknown. In this study, we collected feces from six donors with heavy (H) or light (L) body weight and different ages (d 42, nursery; d 96, growing; and d 170, finisher) to evaluate their effects on the growth performance and fecal microbiota development of recipient pigs. Generally, recipients that received two doses of FMT from nursery and finisher stages donor at weaning (21 ¡À 2 days of age) inherited the donor¡äs growth pattern, while the pigs gavaged with grower stage material exerted a numerically greater weight gain than the control pigs regardless of donor BW. FMT from heavier donors (NH, GH, and FH) led to the recipients to have numerically increased growth compared to their lighter counterparts (NL, GL, and FL, resp.) throughout the growing and most finishing stages. This benefit could be attributed to the enrichment of ASV25 Faecalibacterium, ASV61 Faecalibacterium, ASV438 Coriobacteriaceae_unclassified, ASV144 Bulleidia, and ASV129 Oribacterium and decrease of ASV13 Escherichia during nursery stage. Fecal microbiota transplantation from growing and finishing donors influenced the microbial community significantly in recipient pigs during the nursery stage. FMT of older donors¡ä gut microbiota expedited recipients¡ä microbiota maturity on d 35 and 49, indicated by increased estimated microbiota ages. The age-associated bacterial taxa included ASV206 Ruminococcaceae, ASV211 Butyrivibrio, ASV416 Bacteroides, ASV2 Streptococcus, and ASV291 Veillonellaceae. The body weight differences between GL and GH pigs on d 104 were associated with the increased synthesis of the essential amino acid, lysine and methionine, mixed acid fermentation, expedited glycolysis, and sucrose/galactose degradation Overall, our study provided insights into how donor age and body weight affect FMT outcomes regarding growth performance, microbiota community shifts, and lower GI tract metabolic potentials. This study also provided guidance to select qualified donors for future fecal microbiota transplantation.

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology published new progress about 63-68-3. 63-68-3 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Natural product, name is (S)-2-Amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid, and the molecular formula is C39H35N5O8, COA of Formula: C5H11NO2S.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Botsi, Sofia published the artcileOne or two-step acid-mediated cyclocondensation process for the preparation of 5-carbethoxy-2-thiouracils from diethyl ethoxymethylenemalonate and thioureas, SDS of cas: 6972-05-0, the publication is Heterocyclic Communications (2007), 13(4), 229-234, database is CAplus.

An acid-mediated synthesis of 5-carbethoxy-2-thiouracils via a one-step cyclocondensation of di-Et ethoxymethylenemalonate and thioureas or under milder reaction conditions, via intermediate thioureidomethylenemalonates, was described here.

Heterocyclic Communications published new progress about 6972-05-0. 6972-05-0 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Thiourea,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide, name is 1,1-Dimethylthiourea, and the molecular formula is C3H8N2S, SDS of cas: 6972-05-0.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Higuchi, Shigesada published the artcileEffects of polyamines on the melting of poly(riboadenylic acid) plus poly(ribouridylic acid) complexes in a solution, SDS of cas: 10517-44-9, the publication is Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan (1966), 39(9), 1886-93, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The effects of polyamines on the melting of poly(riboadenylic acid) (I) and poly(ribouridylic acid) (II) were studied, where melting is defined as a transition in solution from the double (or triple) helical conformation into random coils. I was obtained com., and II was prepared from polynucleotide phosphorylase obtained from Azotobacter vinelandii; the organism was precipitated from cold EtOH, dissolved in water, deproteinized by CHCl₃, dialyzed against an aqueous solution of 0.01M ethylene diamine tetraacetate, a M NaCl solution, and distilled water, and was then lyophilized. Ultracentrifugal sedimentation measurements and uv absorption determinations indicated that a 1:1 complex is formed between I and II. The absorbance was measured at 259 m¦Ì for several mixtures at 18¡ã in several concentrations of NaCl and Na citrate, NaCl, glycylglycine, and ethylenediamine solutions Absorbance observations indicated that a 1:2 complex of I:II was present in 0.1M NaCl + 0.01M glycylglycine buffer. The melting of the polymer mixtures was followed as dependent on the Na⁺ concentration in the solvent. Also, the melting was followed at 259 m¦Ì and 280 m¦Ì for the 1:1 mixture in 0.01M NaCl + 0.001 M Na citrate buffer. A mechanism is suggested for the phenomenon observed The effects of ethylenediamine dihydrochloride, 1,3-diaminopropane-2HCl, 1,4-diaminobutane-2HCl, 1,6-diaminohexane-2HCl, 1,8-diaminooctane-2HCl, and spermine-4HCl on the melting process were studied. Actinomycin D has no effect.

Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan published new progress about 10517-44-9. 10517-44-9 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Salt,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain, name is Propane-1,3-diamine dihydrochloride, and the molecular formula is C3H12Cl2N2, SDS of cas: 10517-44-9.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia