Catalysis-chemistry

Zhao, Qi published the artcile“Turn-on” fluorescent probe for detection of H₂S and its applications in bioimaging, Related Products of catalysis-chemistry, the publication is Spectrochimica Acta, Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy (2018), 8-12, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A novel fluorescent probe (named YQ-1) containing disulfide-bond coumarin derivative was developed for H₂S. In response to H₂S, YQ-1 showed remarkable fluorescent emission enhancement at 462 nm. Besides, YQ-1 exhibited higher selectivity, faster response rate, low cytotoxicity and low detection limit (0.052 ¦ÌM). Further, YQ-1 was used to detect the presence of H₂S level in living A549 cells, indicating YQ-1 has good membrane permeability and fluorescence properties.

Spectrochimica Acta, Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy published new progress about 119-80-2. 119-80-2 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class sulfides,Carboxylic acid,Benzene, name is 2,2′-Dithiodibenzoic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H5F3N2O3S, Related Products of catalysis-chemistry.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Hisaki, Tomoka published the artcileIntegration of read-across and artificial neural network-based QSAR models for predicting systemic toxicity: a case study for valproic acid, Recommanded Product: 2-Butylhexanoic acid, the publication is Journal of Toxicological Sciences (2020), 45(2), 95-108, database is CAplus.

We present a systematic, comprehensive and reproducible weight-of-evidence approach for predicting the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for systemic toxicity by using read-across and quant. structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models to fill gaps in rat repeated-dose and developmental toxicity data. As a case study, we chose valproic acid, a developmental toxicant in humans and animals. High-quality in vivo oral rat repeated-dose and developmental toxicity data were available for five and nine analogs, resp., and showed qual. consistency, especially for developmental toxicity. Similarity between the target and analogs is readily defined computationally, and data uncertainties associated with the similarities in structural, physico-chem. and toxicol. properties, including toxicophores, were low. Uncertainty associated with metabolic similarity is low-to-moderate, largely because the approach was limited to in silico prediction to enable systematic and objective data collection. Uncertainty associated with completeness of read-across was reduced by including in vitro and in silico metabolic data and expanding the exptl. animal database. Taking the “worst-case” approach, the smallest NOAEL values among the analogs (i.e., 200 and 100 mg/kg/day for repeated-dose and developmental toxicity, resp.) were read-across to valproic acid. Our previous QSAR models predict repeated-dose NOAEL of 148 (males) and 228 (females) mg/kg/day, and developmental toxicity NOAEL of 390 mg/kg/day for valproic acid. Based on read-across and QSAR, the conservatively predicted NOAEL is 148 mg/kg/day for repeated-dose toxicity, and 100 mg/kg/day for developmental toxicity. Exptl. values are 341 mg/kg/day and 100 mg/kg/day, resp. The present approach appears promising for qual. and quant. in silico systemic toxicity prediction of untested chems.

Journal of Toxicological Sciences published new progress about 3115-28-4. 3115-28-4 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 2-Butylhexanoic acid, and the molecular formula is C10H20O2, Recommanded Product: 2-Butylhexanoic acid.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Abdel-Aal, Seham K. published the artcileSynthesis, Characterization, and Optical Properties of New Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Perovskites [(NH₃)₂(CH₂)₃]CuCl₄ and [(NH₃)₂(CH₂)₄]CuCl₂Br₂, Application of Propane-1,3-diamine dihydrochloride, the publication is Physica Status Solidi A: Applications and Materials Science (2021), 218(12), 2100036, database is CAplus.

Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHs) are exceptionally promising sector of novel materials for optoelectronic applications. Herein, the OIHs of the formula [(NH₃)₂(CH₂)₃]CuCl₄ labeled by C₃CuCl and [(NH₃)₂(CH₂)₄]CuCl₂Br₂ labeled by C₄CuClBr are prepared by slow evaporation method. The synthesis process is achieved by mixing equimolar ethanolic solutions ratios (1:1) of their basic components (organic/inorganic). Characterizations of these materials using microchem. anal., energy dispersion X-ray (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) are discussed. The XRD is used to estimate the crystalline size for prepared compounds and found in the range of 38.8 and 48.8 nm for C₃CuCl and C₄CuClBr, resp. The vibrational spectra are studied by Fourier transformation IR spectroscopy (FTIR) and show the major diffraction peaks of compounds and their assignment. UV-region strong absorption is clarified in the optical properties studied for Cu hybrid, whereas the bandgap energy estimated via Kubelka-Munk equation and found 2.8 and 3.85 eV for C₃CuCl and C₄CuClBr, resp.

Physica Status Solidi A: Applications and Materials Science published new progress about 10517-44-9. 10517-44-9 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Salt,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain, name is Propane-1,3-diamine dihydrochloride, and the molecular formula is C3H12Cl2N2, Application of Propane-1,3-diamine dihydrochloride.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Kempasiddaiah, Manjunatha published the artcilePalladium-catalyzed denitrogenative cross-coupling of aryl halides with arylhydrazines under mild reaction conditions, Synthetic Route of 613-33-2, the publication is Transition Metal Chemistry (Dordrecht, Netherlands) (2021), 46(4), 273-281, database is CAplus.

A greener approach for the synthesis of various functionalized biaryl frameworks in good to excellent yield through palladium-catalyzed denitrogenative cross-coupling of aryl halides with arylhydrazines under mild reaction conditions was developed. Catalytic system was free from the aid of expensive ligands and external oxidants. Biogenically prepared palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) immobilized cellulose based dip catalyst displayed excellent reactivity and selectivity toward the synthesis of a broad array of sym. and unsym. biaryls through C-N bond cleavage in air as green oxidant. In addition, recyclability in denitrogenative cross-coupling reaction was also studied which showed excellent recycling performance and the dip catalyst remained stable even after several reuses. Thus, newly developed strategy was successfully applied for constructing wide-ranging functional groups tolerated biaryls using arylhydrazines and aryl halides as coupling partners which was most useful for practical applications in synthetic chem.

Transition Metal Chemistry (Dordrecht, Netherlands) published new progress about 613-33-2. 613-33-2 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Benzene, name is 4,4′-Dimethyldiphenyl, and the molecular formula is C14H14, Synthetic Route of 613-33-2.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Takahashi, Rina published the artcileThe significance of NAD + metabolites and nicotinamide N-methyltransferase in chronic kidney disease, Name: (S)-2-Amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid, the publication is Scientific Reports (2022), 12(1), 6398, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Abstract: Dysregulation of NAD (NAD +) metabolism contributes to the initiation and progression of age-associated diseases, including chronic kidney disease (CKD). Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT), a nicotinamide (NAM) metabolizing enzyme, regulates both NAD + and methionine metabolism Although NNMT is expressed abundantly in the kidney, its role in CKD and renal fibrosis remains unclear. We generated NNMT-deficient mice and a unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO) model and conducted two clin. studies on human CKD to investigate the role of NNMT in CKD and fibrosis. In UUO, renal NNMT expression and the degraded metabolites of NAM increased, while NAD + and NAD + precursors decreased. NNMT deficiency ameliorated renal fibrosis; mechanistically, it (1) increased the DNA methylation of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), and (2) improved renal inflammation by increasing renal NAD + and Sirt1 and decreasing NF-¦ÊB acetylation. In humans, along with CKD progression, a trend toward a decrease in serum NAD + precursors was observed, while the final NAD + metabolites were accumulated, and the level of eGFR was an independent variable for serum NAM. In addition, NNMT was highly expressed in fibrotic areas of human kidney tissues. In conclusion, increased renal NNMT expression induces NAD + and methionine metabolism perturbation and contributes to renal fibrosis.

Scientific Reports published new progress about 63-68-3. 63-68-3 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Natural product, name is (S)-2-Amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid, and the molecular formula is C6H8N2O2, Name: (S)-2-Amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Maeta, Naoya published the artcileRadical-Cation Vinylcyclopropane Rearrangements by TiO₂ Photocatalysis, Recommanded Product: (E)-3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid, the publication is Journal of Organic Chemistry (2020), 85(10), 6551-6566, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Radical cation vinylcyclopropane rearrangements by TiO₂ photocatalysis in lithium perchlorate/nitromethane solution are described. The reactions are triggered by oxidative single electron transfer, which is followed by immediate ring-opening of the cyclopropanes to generate distonic radical cations as unique reactive intermediates. This approach can also be applied to vinylcyclobutane, leading to the construction of six-membered rings. A stepwise mechanism via distonic radical cations is proposed based on preliminary mechanistic studies, which is supported by d. functional theory calculations

Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about 16909-09-4. 16909-09-4 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Ether, name is (E)-3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid, and the molecular formula is C11H12O4, Recommanded Product: (E)-3-(2,4-Dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Shi, Yiping published the artcileSynthesis of pharmaceutical drugs from cardanol derived from cashew nut shell liquid, Application of O-Pivaloylhydroxylamine trifluoromethanesulfonate, the publication is Green Chemistry (2019), 21(5), 1043-1053, database is CAplus.

Cardanol from cashew nut shell liquid extracted from cashew nut shells was successfully converted into various useful pharmaceutical drugs, such as norfenefrine, rac-phenylephrine, etilefrine and fenoprofene. 3-Vinylphenol, the key intermediate for the synthesis of these drugs, was synthesized from cardanol by ethenolysis to 3-non-8-enylphenol followed by isomerising ethenolysis. The metathesis reaction worked very well using DCM, but the greener solvent, 2-Me THF, also gave very similar results. Hydroxyamination of 3-vinylphenol with an iron porphyrin catalyst afforded norfenefrine in over 70% yield. Methylation and ethylation of norfenefrine afforded rac-phenylephrine and etilefrine resp. A sequence of C-O coupling, isomerising metathesis and selective methoxycarbonylation afforded fenoprofene in good yield. A comparison of the routes described in this paper with some standard literature syntheses of 3-vinylphenol and of the drug mols. shows significant environmental advantages in terms of precursors, yields, number of steps, conditions and the use of catalysts. The Atom Economy of our processes is generally similar or significantly superior to those of the literature processes mainly because the side products produced during synthesis of 3-vinylphenol (1-octeme, 1,4-cyclohexadiene and propene) are easily separable and of com. value, especially as they are bio-derived. The E Factor for the production of 2-vinylphenol by our process is also very low compared with those of previously reported syntheses.

Green Chemistry published new progress about 1293990-73-4. 1293990-73-4 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is O-Pivaloylhydroxylamine trifluoromethanesulfonate, and the molecular formula is C5H5BrN2, Application of O-Pivaloylhydroxylamine trifluoromethanesulfonate.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Fleck, Christian published the artcileLocal anaesthetic effectivity and toxicity of fomocaine, five N-free fomocaine metabolites and two chiral fomocaine derivatives in rats compared with procaine, Name: 4-(Phenoxymethyl)benzoic acid, the publication is Arzneimittel-Forschung (2001), 51(6), 451-458, database is CAplus.

Until now, no optimal local anesthetic drug with long lasting effect and low toxicity has been developed. Fomocaine (CAS 17692-39-6), introduced in the German extrapharmacopoeia (DAC) in 1979, is a local anesthetic, which is largely in accordance with these aspects. Now the basic ether fomocaine, its metabolites O/Se 9 (CAS 3006-96-0), O/Se 10 (CAS 31719-76-3), O/Se 11, O/Se 12 (CAS 64264-21-7) and M5 and its chiral derivatives O/G 3 and O/G 5 were compared with procaine (CAS 59-46-1) and characterized more in detail in rats. The metabolism of fomocaine was investigated earlier with ¹⁴C-fomocaine in rats and beagle dogs. Rac-O/G 3 and Rac-O/G 5 could be separated into the enantiomers via the diastereomeric salts. Based on standard methods for the testing of the local anesthetic effects (estimation of infiltration and conduction anesthesia in rat tail, measurement of corneal anesthesia) and using a couple of tests characterizing the side effects and toxicity of local anesthetic (paresis of the N. ischiadicus, tissue irritation, determination of the approximative i.p. LD₅₀) it can be concluded that: (a) the very good surface anesthesia caused by fomocaine could be stated, but, as expected, concerning conduction anesthesia, procaine is better qualified for clin. use. (b) Fomocaine is much more effective in conduction and surface anesthesia than its chiral derivatives O/G 3 and O/G 5. (c) Differences between the two enantiomers of the O/G-substances have been found, but these little discrepancies are without practical relevance. In the case of O/G 5, agonistic effects of both enantiomers could be shown. (d) Fomocaine undergoes extensive biotransformation with subsequent formation of 14 metabolites. Five of them (O/Se 9-O/Se 12; M5) are N-free and do not show any pharmacol. activity. (e) Compared to other local anesthetics, fomocaine is relatively non-toxic (nearly no tissue irritation, high approximative LD₅₀), however, surprisingly the toxicity of the reference substance procaine has been found to be lower after i.p. administration instead of i.v. administration in comparison with fomocaine.

Arzneimittel-Forschung published new progress about 31719-76-3. 31719-76-3 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Ether, name is 4-(Phenoxymethyl)benzoic acid, and the molecular formula is C14H12O3, Name: 4-(Phenoxymethyl)benzoic acid.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Bhagat, Ujjawal Kumar published the artcileDABCO-mediated aza-Michael addition of 4-aryl-1H-1,2,3-triazoles to cycloalkenones. Regioselective synthesis of disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles, Computed Properties of 4230-93-7, the publication is Tetrahedron Letters (2017), 58(4), 298-301, database is CAplus.

Aza-Michael addition of 4-aryl-1H-1,2,3-triazoles to 2-cycloalken-1-ones was studied in the presence of DABCO as organic base. The reactions were carried out in acetonitrile at room temperature to provide 2,4-disubstituted 2H-1,2,3-triazoles I [R = H, Me; Ar = C₆H₅, 4-MeC₆H₄, 2-MeO-1-naphthyl, etc.; n = 1] as major adducts and 1,4-disubstituted 1H-1,2,3-triazoles II [n = 0] as minor adducts. Though the reaction times are longer (4-8 days), the two regioisomers were separated by using column chromatog. and the adducts were obtained in very good to excellent combined chem. yields. The electron-rich and electron-poor substituents on aryl moiety of 4-aryl-triazoles could tolerate the reaction conditions to afford the title adducts.

Tetrahedron Letters published new progress about 4230-93-7. 4230-93-7 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Nitro Compound,Benzene,Ether, name is 1,2-Dimethoxy-4-(2-nitrovinyl)benzene, and the molecular formula is C10H11NO4, Computed Properties of 4230-93-7.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Evoy, Erin published the artcileUnified Description of Diffusion Coefficients from Small to Large Molecules in Organic-Water Mixtures, Safety of 5,9-Diaminobenzo[a]phenoxazin-7-ium acetate, the publication is Journal of Physical Chemistry A (2020), 124(11), 2301-2308, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Diffusion coefficients in mixtures of organic mols. and water are needed for many applications, ranging from the environmental modeling of pollutant transport, air quality, and climate, to improving the stability of foods, biomols., and pharmaceutical agents for longer use and storage. The Stokes-Einstein relation has been successful for predicting diffusion coefficients of large mols. in organic-water mixtures from viscosity, yet it routinely underpredicts, by orders of magnitude, the diffusion coefficients of small mols. in organic-water mixtures Herein, a unified description of diffusion coefficients of large and small mols. in organic-water mixtures, based on the fractional Stokes-Einstein relation, is presented. A fractional Stokes-Einstein relation is able to describe 98% of the observed diffusion coefficients from small to large mols., roughly within the uncertainties of the measurements. The data set used in the anal. includes a wide range of radii of diffusing mols., viscosities, and intermol. interactions. As a case study, we show that the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by O₃ within organic-water particles in the planetary boundary layer is relatively short (?1 day) when the viscosity of the particle is ?10² Pa s. We also show that the degradation times predicted using the Stokes-Einstein relation and the fractional Stokes-Einstein relation can differ by up to a factor of 10 in this region of the atm.

Journal of Physical Chemistry A published new progress about 10510-54-0. 10510-54-0 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Other Aromatic Heterocyclic,Salt,Amine,Inhibitor,Inhibitor, name is 5,9-Diaminobenzo[a]phenoxazin-7-ium acetate, and the molecular formula is C18H15N3O3, Safety of 5,9-Diaminobenzo[a]phenoxazin-7-ium acetate.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia