Shi, Yiping published the artcileSynthesis of pharmaceutical drugs from cardanol derived from cashew nut shell liquid, Application of O-Pivaloylhydroxylamine trifluoromethanesulfonate, the publication is Green Chemistry (2019), 21(5), 1043-1053, database is CAplus.
Cardanol from cashew nut shell liquid extracted from cashew nut shells was successfully converted into various useful pharmaceutical drugs, such as norfenefrine, rac-phenylephrine, etilefrine and fenoprofene. 3-Vinylphenol, the key intermediate for the synthesis of these drugs, was synthesized from cardanol by ethenolysis to 3-non-8-enylphenol followed by isomerising ethenolysis. The metathesis reaction worked very well using DCM, but the greener solvent, 2-Me THF, also gave very similar results. Hydroxyamination of 3-vinylphenol with an iron porphyrin catalyst afforded norfenefrine in over 70% yield. Methylation and ethylation of norfenefrine afforded rac-phenylephrine and etilefrine resp. A sequence of C-O coupling, isomerising metathesis and selective methoxycarbonylation afforded fenoprofene in good yield. A comparison of the routes described in this paper with some standard literature syntheses of 3-vinylphenol and of the drug mols. shows significant environmental advantages in terms of precursors, yields, number of steps, conditions and the use of catalysts. The Atom Economy of our processes is generally similar or significantly superior to those of the literature processes mainly because the side products produced during synthesis of 3-vinylphenol (1-octeme, 1,4-cyclohexadiene and propene) are easily separable and of com. value, especially as they are bio-derived. The E Factor for the production of 2-vinylphenol by our process is also very low compared with those of previously reported syntheses.
Green Chemistry published new progress about 1293990-73-4. 1293990-73-4 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is O-Pivaloylhydroxylamine trifluoromethanesulfonate, and the molecular formula is C5H5BrN2, Application of O-Pivaloylhydroxylamine trifluoromethanesulfonate.
Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia