Catalysis-chemistry

Bohn, Manfred A. published the artcileKinetic modeling of the stabilizer consumption and of the consecutive products of the stabilizer in a gun propellant, Category: catalysis-chemistry, the publication is Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics (1997), 22(3), 125-136, database is CAplus.

Diphenylamine (DPA) is used for the stabilization of solid propellants based on nitrocellulose. It reacts with the autocatalytically acting decomposition product of nitrocellulose and forms consecutive products, which also stabilize. The kinetics of these stabilizing reactions are described by 4 reaction models. With respect to DPA and the DPA consecutive products the models have 1, 2, and 4 steps. The 4-step model contains the DPA consecutive products up to trinitro-DPA. By approximations an anal. equation for the stabilizer decrease was derived, which describes the stabilizer consumption very well. The other equation systems were integrated numerically by a Runge-Kutta procedure and their reaction rate constants were obtained by a non-linear least squares fit parameter calculation This allows an evaluation of the reaction kinetic models. Relative reactivities of the DPA consecutive products with respect to DPA are calculable with the obtained reaction rate constants and an effective DPA concentration can be established. The different reactivities of mixed stabilizers as N-methyl-p-nitroanaline (MNA) and 2-NO₂-DPA can be described with the presented method of modeling.

Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics published new progress about 1821-27-8. 1821-27-8 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Nitro Compound,Amine,Benzene, name is Bis(4-nitrophenyl)amine, and the molecular formula is C12H9N3O4, Category: catalysis-chemistry.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Lobe, Maloba M. M. published the artcile3′,4′-Dihydro-2’H-spiro[indoline-3,1′-isoquinolin]-2-ones as potential anti-cancer agents: synthesis and preliminary screening, Safety of 1,2-Dimethoxy-4-(2-nitrovinyl)benzene, the publication is Royal Society Open Science (2020), 7(1), 191316, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

In the present study, 3′,4′-dihydro-2’H-spiro[indoline-3,1′-isoquinolin]-2-ones, designed as mol. hybrids of THIQ and OX, were synthesized and screened in-vitro against 59 cell lines in the NCI-60 screen. Twenty compounds displayed weak to moderate inhibition of cell proliferation; among them, three compounds displayed at least 50% inhibition of cell proliferation. The compounds appeared to target primarily renal cell cancer lines; however, leukemia, melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, prostate, ovarian and even breast cancer cell lines were also affected. Therefore, this class of spirooxindoles may provide useful leads in the search for new anti-cancer agents.

Royal Society Open Science published new progress about 4230-93-7. 4230-93-7 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Nitro Compound,Benzene,Ether, name is 1,2-Dimethoxy-4-(2-nitrovinyl)benzene, and the molecular formula is C10H11NO4, Safety of 1,2-Dimethoxy-4-(2-nitrovinyl)benzene.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Ghazanfar, S. A. S. published the artcileRaman spectra of diamines and diammonium ions: effects of ionization on carbon-hydrogen stretching frequencies, Computed Properties of 10517-44-9, the publication is Journal of the American Chemical Society (1964), 86(4), 559-64, database is CAplus.

Raman spectra are reported for ethylenediamine, 1,3-propanediamine, 1,4- butanediamine, cadaverine, ethanolamine, and their hydrochlorides, and for malonic acid and its disodium salt, in aqueous solution All the amines except 1,4-butanediamine were also studied as pure liquids, and 1,3-propanediamine was also studied in D₂ODCl solution after nearly complete conversion of the NH₂ to ND₂ groups. When one of these diamines dissolves in water the C-H stretching frequencies near 2900 cm.^-1 generally increase by 1525 cm. ^-1 On addition of HCl, with the protonation of the amino groups, there is a further and considerably larger increase in these frequencies, by 35-70 cm. ^-1 above that of the basic amine in water solution This change is much less marked in ethanolamine, which contains only one amino group. It is relatively small in cadaverine, in which only two of the five methylene groups immediately adjoin amino groups. The upward displacement of the methylene C-H stretching frequencies when a neighboring amino group acquires a pos. charge is in accord with earlier observations on glycine, ¦Â-alanine, and cysteine. The methylene stretching frequencies of malonic acid are displaced downward by 20-25 cm. ^-1 when the two carboxyl groups lose their protons, although no such effect has been noted in chloroacetic acid when its carboxyl group ionizes. Complete deuteration of an NH₂ or NH₃⁺ group has almost no influence on the C-H frequencies of an adjoining methylene group; it is the state of charge of the amino group, not the mass of the attached atoms, that is important. The addition of 3M NaCl has no significant effect on the Raman spectrum of ethylenediamine in aqueous solution; therefore, the observed frequency shifts on protonation of the amino group are not dependent on the large increase in ionic strength that accompanies the addition of acid. The C-H deformation frequencies are, in general, little affected by ionization or deuteration of the amino group, although many frequencies <1400 cm.^-1 are of course greatly altered.

Journal of the American Chemical Society published new progress about 10517-44-9. 10517-44-9 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Salt,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain, name is Propane-1,3-diamine dihydrochloride, and the molecular formula is C3H12Cl2N2, Computed Properties of 10517-44-9.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Theilacker, W. published the artcilePreparation of O-alkylhydroxylamines, Safety of O-Isobutylhydroxylamine hydrochloride, the publication is Angewandte Chemie (1956), 303, database is CAplus.

cf. Truitt, et al., C.A. 42, 8174a. To a dried (CaCl₂) solution of 10 g. ClNH₂ (I) in 500 cc. Et₂O is added a solution of 6 g. Na in 250-300 cc. of the required alc. and the mixture is allowed to stand 24 hrs.; or to a solution of 6 g. Na in 250-300 cc. of dry alc. (diluted with 200 cc. dioxane if necessary) heated to 80¡ã is added with vigorous stirring over 90 min. a solution of 10 g. I in 600 cc. Et₂O in a manner such as to prevent contact of the Et₂O solution with the walls of the reaction flask. The Et₂O is allowed to distil through a packed column during the addition, and stirring is continued 15 min. more. In each case the reaction mixture is then filtered, the filtrate distilled, HCl gas passed into the distillate to precipitate NH₄Cl, the mixture filtered, the filtrate saturated with HCl, and the HCl salt separated by filtration or evaporation of the solvent. Sirupy products are dried in vacuo over P₂O₅ and purified by recrystallization or sublimation. The following O-alkyl hydroxylamines are reported (temperature of preparation, m.p. of HCl salt, % yield, and b.p. of the base, resp., given): Me (20¡ã, 149-50¡ã, 32, 50¡ã), Et (20¡ã, 125-6¡ã, 29, 69¡ã), Pr (20¡ã, 155-7¡ã 38, 90-1¡ã), iso-Pr (20¡ã, 94-5¡ã, 38, 79-80¡ã), Bu (20¡ã, 159-60¡ã, 46, 115¡ã), iso-Bu (20¡ã, 129-30¡ã, 37, 95-7¡ã), sec-Bu (80¡ã, 68-70¡ã, 34, 103-4¡ã), tert-Bu (80¡ã, 150¡ã, 26, 200-3¡ã), (CH₂)₇CH₃ (80¡ã, 81-2¡ã, 26, 189-92¡ã), sec-octyl, (80¡ã, 71-2¡ã, 26, 189-92¡ã), PhCH₂ (80¡ã, 225-30¡ã, 51, 212-15¡ã), and cyclohexyl (80¡ã, 175¡ã, 25, 171-2¡ã).

Angewandte Chemie published new progress about 6084-58-8. 6084-58-8 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Salt,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain, name is O-Isobutylhydroxylamine hydrochloride, and the molecular formula is C4H6N2, Safety of O-Isobutylhydroxylamine hydrochloride.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Fukuda, Hiroyuki published the artcileMetal contents of liver parenchyma after percutaneous ethanol injection or radiofrequency ablation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma before and after trientine hydrochloride therapy, Recommanded Product: N1,N1′-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(ethane-1,2-diamine) dihydrochloride, the publication is Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine (2004), 143(6), 333-339, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

We administered trientine hydrochloride, a drug used in the treatment of Wilson’s disease, to patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after radical treatment with percutaneous ethanol injection or radiofrequency ablation, and examined its effect on the reduction of liver-tissue copper content. We enrolled 24 patients with 3 or fewer primary lesions of Child class A or B hepatocellular carcinoma with diameters of 3 cm or less who had undergone radical treatment with percutaneous ethanol injection or radiofrequency ablation. Trientine hydrochloride was orally administered in a single daily dose of 250 mg to 12 patients before a meal (at fasting, group 1) or at a total daily dosage of 750 mg, divided into 3 doses, to 12 patients (group 2). This study was a randomized between-groups comparative study of 12 wk’ duration. We used the particle-induced x-ray-emission method to determine liver-tissue mineral content. Urine copper and serum mineral levels were also measured, and transaminase levels were examined Liver-tissue copper content decreased significantly, to 160.1 ¦Ìg/g dry weight, after treatment, compared with the pretreatment level of 306.8 ¦Ìg/g dry weight (P <.05). We detected no significant difference in iron or zinc content before and after treatment. The copper content was significantly reduced after treatment in both groups (P <.05). The urine copper level was significantly increased after 1 wk of treatment but decreased thereafter. Serum copper levels were significantly reduced after treatment (P <.01). We detected no significant difference in transaminase level before and after treatment. Iron-deficiency anemia in 1 patient after 12 wk’ treatment was the only adverse reaction, and it was improved by the administration of an iron product. We noted no other overt adverse reactions. In patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, trientine hydrochloride therapy may significantly reduce copper content in liver tissue.

Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine published new progress about 38260-01-4. 38260-01-4 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Chelating Agents, name is N1,N1′-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(ethane-1,2-diamine) dihydrochloride, and the molecular formula is C6H20Cl2N4, Recommanded Product: N1,N1′-(Ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(ethane-1,2-diamine) dihydrochloride.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Dua, Sujan S. published the artcilePreparation of tris(trimethylsilyl)methyl (“trisyl”) derivatives of silicon, Category: catalysis-chemistry, the publication is Journal of Organometallic Chemistry (1979), 178(1), 75-82, database is CAplus.

Treatment of (Me₃Si)₃CLi (TsiLi) with appropriate Si halides gave compounds (Me₃Si)₃CSiRR¹X; e.g., TsiSiCl₃, TsiSiMeCl₂, TsiSiMe₂X (X = Cl, OMe), TsiSiPh₂X (X = F, Cl, OMe), and TsiSiPhMeH. The trisyl group causes very large steric hindrance to nucleophilic displacements at the Si to which it is attached, so that (unless one or more hydride ligands are present) most of the common displacements at Si do not occur. However, halides can be reduced to hydrides by LiAlH₄, and the hydrides can be reconverted into halides in electrophilic displacements by halogens. The presence of even one hydride ligand markedly reduces the hindrance, so that, for example, TsiSiPhHI reacts with refluxing MeOH to give TsiSiPhH(OMe).

Journal of Organometallic Chemistry published new progress about 312-40-3. 312-40-3 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Organic Silicones, name is Difluorodiphenylsilane, and the molecular formula is C12H10F2Si, Category: catalysis-chemistry.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Gozdowska, M. published the artcileSynthesis and in vitro anticancer activity of conjugates of MDP with amino-acridine/acridone derivatives, Recommanded Product: Propane-1,3-diamine dihydrochloride, the publication is Polish Journal of Chemistry (1997), 71(6), 767-773, database is CAplus.

A series of MDP (muramyl dipeptide) analogs modified at the C-terminus of MDP mol. by the formation of an amide bond between the carboxylic group of isoglutamine and the amine function of the resp. derivative of acridine or acridone were synthesized as potential anticancer agents.

Polish Journal of Chemistry published new progress about 10517-44-9. 10517-44-9 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Salt,Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain, name is Propane-1,3-diamine dihydrochloride, and the molecular formula is C3H12Cl2N2, Recommanded Product: Propane-1,3-diamine dihydrochloride.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Bose, Purnandhu published the artcileCombined Solution-Phase, Solid-Phase and Phase-Interface Anion Binding and Extraction Studies by a Simple Tripodal Thiourea Receptor, Application of Tetrabutylammonium hydrogencarbonate, the publication is European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry (2012), 2012(35), 5791-5801, database is CAplus.

Tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (tren) based 4-cyanophenyl-substituted tripodal L, tris{[(4-cyanophenyl)amino]ethyl}thiourea receptor, was synthesized and explored thoroughly for anion recognition in solution by NMR spectroscopy and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) as well as in the solid state by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Anion recognition properties of L were further exploited toward the extraction of sulfate as well as fluoride from aqueous media using a liquid-liquid extraction technique. A solution-state anion binding study using NMR spectroscopy in [D₆]DMSO and ITC measurements in dry acetonitrile show a relatively higher association constant of L with halides (F^– and Cl^–) over oxyanions (H₂PO₄^– and HSO₄^–). The single-crystal X-ray structural anal. of complex 1 reveals a monotopic encapsulation of fluoride in L through six N-H¡¤¡¤¡¤F^– interactions with a distorted trigonal-prismatic geometry, whereas sulfate and carbonate induce dimeric assemblies of L in complexes 2 and 3, resp. In the case of sulfate, a tight dimeric capsular assembly of ca. 9.5 ? is observed through 15 N-H¡¤¡¤¡¤O interactions, whereas carbonate forms a sandwich-like dimeric mol. aggregation through 14 N-H¡¤¡¤¡¤O interactions. In the presence of tetrabutylammonium iodide as the phase transfer agent, L has shown ca. 70 % extraction of fluoride (based on L) and ca. 40 % extraction of sulfate (based on L) from aqueous solutions using an anion-exchange-based liquid-liquid extraction strategy. Extraction of these anions is unambiguously demonstrated by ¹H NMR, ¹⁹F NMR and FTIR spectroscopy, PXRD and single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies.

European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry published new progress about 17351-62-1. 17351-62-1 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Salt,Amine, name is Tetrabutylammonium hydrogencarbonate, and the molecular formula is C17H37NO3, Application of Tetrabutylammonium hydrogencarbonate.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Correa, N. Mariano published the artcileBinding of nitrodiphenylamines to reverse micelles of AOT in n-hexane and carbon tetrachloride: solvent and substituent effects, Recommanded Product: Bis(4-nitrophenyl)amine, the publication is Journal of Colloid and Interface Science (1998), 208(1), 96-103, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The absorption spectra of N-[2-(trifluoromethyl)-4-nitrophenyl]-4-nitroaniline (1), N-[4-nitrophenyl]-4-nitroaniline (2), and N-[2-nitrophenyl]-4-nitroaniline (3) were analyzed in reversed micelles of AOT (sodium 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate)) in n-hexane and carbon tetrachloride. For 1 and 2 the intensity of the band characteristic for the pure solvent decreases as the AOT concentration increases and a new band develops. This new band is attributed to the solute bound to the micelle. These changes allowed us to determine the binding constant (Kb) between these compounds and AOT. Kb at W₀ = [H₂O]/[AOT] = 0 in n-hexane varies from 81 for 1 to 5092 for 2. Although similar trends are observed for carbon tetrachloride, the values of Kb are smaller than those for n-hexane. The possible solute-solvent interactions of these compounds were analyzed by means of Taft and Kamlet’s solvatochromic comparison method. The strength of binding is interpreted considering their hydrogen-bond donor ability as well as their solubility in the pure solvents. For 1 Kb decreases as W₀ is increased, while for 2 no variation was observed These effects are discussed in terms of nitrodiphenylamine-water competition for interfacial binding sites. Moreover, the effect of the solute size and the presence of the trifluoromethyl group in 1 are important factors to consider in explaining its binding behavior. The spectra of 3 change very little with AOT concentration and only a slight bathochromic shift is observed Thus, 3 acts as nonhydrogen bond donor solute, merely sensing a slight change in the polarity of its microenvironment. (c) 1998 Academic Press.

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science published new progress about 1821-27-8. 1821-27-8 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Nitro Compound,Amine,Benzene, name is Bis(4-nitrophenyl)amine, and the molecular formula is C12H9N3O4, Recommanded Product: Bis(4-nitrophenyl)amine.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia

Quillet, Jean P. published the artcileDismutation of 3,4-dihydronaphthalenic compounds. II., Category: catalysis-chemistry, the publication is Bulletin de la Societe Chimique de France (1967), 255-60, database is CAplus.

cf. CA 64: 14122c. Ketones of the type I were treated with MeMgI to give II. The dismutation of II (R = R1 = R2 = H) gave a mixture containing 1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (III) and 1-MeC10H7 (IV). Thus, a mixture of 93 g. PhCH2CH2CH(CO2Et)2 and 800 ml. 5% NaOH was refluxed 3 hrs. to give 90% 4-phenylbutyric acid (V), b15 170-1¡ã. Also prepared were PhCHR2CHR1CHRCO2H (R, R1, R2, b.p./mm., m.p., and % yield given): Me, H, H, -, -, -; H, H, Ph, 185-9¡ã/1, 103-6¡ã, 70; H, Ph, H, 188-9¡ã/0.3, 92-3¡ã, 70; Ph, H, H, -, 70-1¡ã, 70. V (1 mole) was treated with 150 g. SOCl2 to give 4-phenylbutyryl chloride (VI). Similarly prepared were PhCHR2CHR1CHRCOCl (R, R1, and R2 given): Me, H, H; H, H, Ph; H, Ph, H; Ph, H, H. VI (70 g.) was treated with 51 g. AlCl3 in C6H6 and the mixture hydrolyzed with HCl to give 70% 1-tetralone (VII), b12 129-30¡ã. Similarly prepared were I (R, R1, R2, b.p./mm., m.p., and % yield given): H, Me, H, 133-4¡ã/13, -, 74 (semicarbazone m. 189¡ã); Me, H, H, -, -, -; H, H, Ph, 135-40¡ã/0.1, 76¡ã, 81; H, Ph, H, 162-5¡ã/0.1, 64¡ã, 81; Ph, H, H, 170¡ã/0.3, 76¡ã, 79. A solution of 22 g. VII in ether was treated with a solution containing MeMgI (prepared from 23.5 g. MeI and 3.6 g. Mg) to give 57% 1-methyl-1-tetralol, m. 86¡ã, which was dehydrated to give 1-methyl-3,4-dihydronaphthalene (VIII). Similarly prepared were II (R, R1, R2, b.p./mm., n25D, and % yield given): H, Me, H, 116¡ã/18, 1.559, 58; Me, H, H, -, -, -; H, H, Ph, 130-2¡ã/1, -, 80; H, Ph, H, 132-5¡ã/2.5, 1.611, 60; Ph, H, H, -, -, 72 (m. 76¡ã). VII (1 g.) was added dropwise to 7 ml. H2SO4 to give a mixture containing 3% VII, 54% III, and 43% IV. A mixture of 1 g. VIII in 10 ml. HBr azeotrope was refluxed 1 hr. to give a mixture of 64% VIII, 19% III, and 17% IV. A mixture of 1 g. VIII and 10 ml. Bradsher reagent (CA 40: 57069) was refluxed 30 min. to give a mixture containing 16% VIII, 41.5% III, and 42.5% IV as compared with 6.5, 51, and 42, resp., after 1.5 hrs. of refluxing. The other II, when treated with Bradsher reagent, behaved similarly.

Bulletin de la Societe Chimique de France published new progress about 1949-41-3. 1949-41-3 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Carboxylic acid,Benzene, name is 2-Methyl-4-phenylbutanoic acid, and the molecular formula is C11H14O2, Category: catalysis-chemistry.

Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia