Nau, Heinz published the artcilePharmacologic evaluation of various metabolites and analogs of valproic acid: teratogenic potencies in mice, Related Products of catalysis-chemistry, the publication is Fundamental and Applied Toxicology (1986), 6(4), 669-76, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.
The teratogenicity of valproic?acid (VPA) [99-66-1] and its metabolites and analogs was tested in mice following a single s.c. injections of 600 mg/kg on day 8 of gestation. VPA was highly teratogenic at this dose level and >60% of live fetuses had neural tube defects (exencephaly). Homologous compounds with shorter or longer alkyl chains were less teratogenic than VPA. Substitution of the ¦Á-H atoms in related branched carboxylic acids by Me or Et groups abolished the teratogenic response. Introduction of a double bond in the ¦Ø-position of VPA (4-en-VPA [1575-72-0]) did not change the teratogenicity of VPA, while a ¦Ø-2 double bond (2-en-VPA [60218-41-9]) abolished teratogenicity. The other VPA metabolites tested as well as 2 straight-chain acids (n-octanoic?acid??[124-07-2] and 4-pentenoic?acid??[591-80-0]) and the 2 clin. used substances valpromide??[2430-27-5] and ethosuximide??[77-67-8] did not induce neural tube defects, although some of them induced slightly increased resorption rates and fetal weight retardation. The serum-protein-binding capacities of the various compounds did not correlate with the teratogenic response. Also the concentrations reached in the gestational material did not predict the teratogenicity of the substances tested. Apparently, the teratogenicity of the class of compounds studied represents a more specific effect than the anticonvulsant activity, which could lead to the development of alternative antiepileptic drugs with low embryotoxic potential.
Fundamental and Applied Toxicology published new progress about 3115-28-4. 3115-28-4 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is 2-Butylhexanoic acid, and the molecular formula is C10H20O2, Related Products of catalysis-chemistry.
Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia