Pengsook, Anchulee published the artcileInsecticidal and growth inhibitory effects of some thymol derivatives on the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and their impact on detoxification enzymes, Computed Properties of 104-03-0, the publication is Pest Management Science (2022), 78(2), 684-691, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.
Thymol is a known natural product with insecticidal activity against several insect species. A recent study on structural modifications of thymol to thymyl esters and their efficacy against Spodoptera litura suggested that such an approach could develop generalized novel insecticides/insect growth inhibitors and requires further studies to establish the efficacy against lepidopterans. Thymol and structurally modified eight esters were evaluated against beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua using the topical application. Thymyl butanoate was the most toxic compound with a median LD (LD50) of 2.33 and 1.62 ¦Ìg/larva after 24 and 48 h posttreatment, resp. All thymyl esters were potentially better than the parent compound thymol, except thymyl dibromoacetate, in their efficacy against Spodoptera exigua. Essentially, there were three levels of activity vis-a-vis the compounds used, i.e., with the LD50 range of 1.5 to 5.0, 7.0 to 15.0, and > 20 ¦Ìg/larva, resp. Ovicidal activity and reduction in larval growth were also determined by treating third instars at sub-LDs, i.e., LD50 doses of second instars. Thymyl butanoate treated larva inhibited glutathione S-transferase, carboxylesterase, and acetylcholinesterase activities, whereas the other thymyl esters induced these enzymes. Thymyl butanoate exhibited higher toxicity against Spodoptera exigua and is the first to report about 15.5x more toxicity than thymol and > 6.5x than thymyl cinnamate, which suggests that the efficacy was species-specific vs. the chem. structural variation of the esters.
Pest Management Science published new progress about 104-03-0. 104-03-0 belongs to catalysis-chemistry, auxiliary class Nitro Compound,Carboxylic acid,Benzene, name is 4-Nitrophenylacetic acid, and the molecular formula is C8H7NO4, Computed Properties of 104-03-0.
Referemce:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/catalysis/,
Catalysis – Wikipedia